Exam 5: Learning

On a variable-interval schedule, reinforcement is given ________.

To avoid getting a headache, Lory always lets her dog outside when it sits by the door and howls. This is an example of which type of punishment or reinforcement?

The presentation of an aversive stimulus following a particular operant response is called:

When Joe thinks about his sorely missed girlfriend, he drinks alcohol, which helps dull his feelings. This BEST illustrates:

Which type of learning occurs when we observe other people act?

Reinforcement is to punishment as ________.

What must be paired together for classical conditioning to occur?

Secondary reinforcers differ from primary reinforcers in that secondary reinforcers ________.

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called ________.

A reinforcer that is reinforcing in and of itself is called a ________ reinforcer.

The tendency to respond to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus is called ________.

Ivan Pavlov, who is credited with discovering classical conditioning, was a ________.

A very high rate of responding is produced by a ________ schedule of reinforcement.

For observational learning to occur, each of the following must happen EXCEPT ________.

Anything that increases the likelihood that a behavior will increase is called a(n) ________.

The abbreviation CR stands for ________.

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:

A child is punished and temporarily stops his or her well-established bad behavior. However, the child soon goes back to acting badly. This is probably because ________.

Imagine that you flinch after seeing lightning because in previous instances the lightning is followed by thunder, which scared you. In this scenario, lightning can be interpreted as being a(n):

Observational learning theory's foremost proponent is ________.