Question 1

Sociocultural theories suggest that in order to help their students learn, teachers:

Accepted Answer

A)  ensure that children's existing knowledge does not interfere with learning new concepts. 
B)  make learning a cooperative activity. 
C)  provide an environment that can be actively experienced by children. 
D)  do task analysis to determine children's specific difficulties. 
A)  ensure that children's existing knowledge does not interfere with learning new concepts. 
B)  make learning a cooperative activity. 
C)  provide an environment that can be actively experienced by children. 
D)  do task analysis to determine children's specific difficulties.

Question 2

The view that BEST represents sociocultural theories is of the child as:

Accepted Answer

A)  social being. 
B)  scientist. 
C)  computational system. 
D)  product of evolution. 
A)  social being. 
B)  scientist. 
C)  computational system. 
D)  product of evolution.

Question 3

Sociocultural theories refer to the values, economic circumstances, symbol systems, and skills that are involved in everyday interactions as:

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural tools. 
B)  cultural by-products. 
C)  social constructs. 
D)  social instruments. 
A)  cultural tools. 
B)  cultural by-products. 
C)  social constructs. 
D)  social instruments.

Question 4

Encoding refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  representing features of objects in memory. 
B)  recognizing objects. 
C)  generalizing from one event to another. 
D)  goal-directed behaviour. 
A)  representing features of objects in memory. 
B)  recognizing objects. 
C)  generalizing from one event to another. 
D)  goal-directed behaviour.

Question 5

The process of repeating information over and over again in order to remember it is considered _____ by the information-processing approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  effective 
B)  to be due to poor myelination 
C)  utilization deficient 
D)  irrational 
A)  effective 
B)  to be due to poor myelination 
C)  utilization deficient 
D)  irrational

Question 6

Which is NOT a major type of executive function?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of actions 
B)  enhancement of working memory 
C)  knowledge of reasoning strategies 
D)  maintaining cognitive flexibility 
A)  inhibition of actions 
B)  enhancement of working memory 
C)  knowledge of reasoning strategies 
D)  maintaining cognitive flexibility

Question 7

The process by which children balance assimilation and accommodation to create stable understanding is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibration. 
B)  adaptation. 
C)  alteration. 
D)  calibration. 
A)  equilibration. 
B)  adaptation. 
C)  alteration. 
D)  calibration.

Question 8

Deferred imitation is an indication that a child has developed:

Accepted Answer

A)  enduring mental representations. 
B)  symbolic representation. 
C)  egocentrism. 
D)  conservation. 
A)  enduring mental representations. 
B)  symbolic representation. 
C)  egocentrism. 
D)  conservation.

Question 9

Research done from a dynamic-systems perspective demonstrated that _____ helped infants succeed at A-not-B tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  giving the baby more time to think about the location of the object after it was hidden in location B 
B)  allowing the baby to reach for the object in location A multiple times 
C)  placing weights on the baby's arms before hiding the object at location B 
D)  none of these 
A)  giving the baby more time to think about the location of the object after it was hidden in location B 
B)  allowing the baby to reach for the object in location A multiple times 
C)  placing weights on the baby's arms before hiding the object at location B 
D)  none of these

Question 10

At approximately what age did Piaget believe an individual is first able to form enduring mental representations?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 months 
B)  12 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months 
A)  6 months 
B)  12 months 
C)  18 months 
D)  24 months

Question 11

The attempt to overcome obstacles and attain goals is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  problem solving. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  encoding. 
D)  task analysis. 
A)  problem solving. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  encoding. 
D)  task analysis.

Question 12

Jenny watches her big brother climb from the couch to the coffee table, a behaviour she has never attempted herself. The next day, Jenny climbs up on the couch and then over to the coffee table. Jenny's behaviour is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  post-observation modeling. 
B)  replication. 
C)  deferred imitation. 
D)  symbolic representation. 
A)  post-observation modeling. 
B)  replication. 
C)  deferred imitation. 
D)  symbolic representation.

Question 13

Which of these theorists would be MOST interested in the development of children's ability to inhibit their habitual response to speak when playing "The Quiet Game"?

Accepted Answer

A)  dynamic-systems 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  Piagetian 
D)  information-processing 
A)  dynamic-systems 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  Piagetian 
D)  information-processing

Question 14

An experimenter shows a child two clay "sausages" that are identical in size and shape and then allows the child to watch as she rolls one of the clay sausages into a longer, thinner sausage. The experimenter then asks the child whether the two clay sausages still contain the same amount of clay. A child in Piaget's preoperational stage would be MOST likely to say:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Yes, they have the same amount of clay." 
B)  "No, the longer sausage has more clay than the shorter sausage." 
C)  "No, the shorter sausage has more clay than the longer sausage." 
D)  "Wait, I don't understand. How did you make that sausage bigger?" 
A)  "Yes, they have the same amount of clay." 
B)  "No, the longer sausage has more clay than the shorter sausage." 
C)  "No, the shorter sausage has more clay than the longer sausage." 
D)  "Wait, I don't understand. How did you make that sausage bigger?"

Question 15

Children in Piaget's _____ stage can solve conservation problems correctly.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  concrete operational 
A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  concrete operational

Question 16

Which of the following is the BEST example of a community-of-learners approach in the classroom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr. Addison, who assigns each child a different project topic and has them present their topics in small groups. 
B)  Mrs. Barnett, who has a local farmer come in and explain crop harvesting to students. 
C)  Mr. Chisholm, who has students work in small rotating groups on their project about the environment. 
D)  Mrs. Dixon, who has her class do group projects on different communities in their city. 
A)  Mr. Addison, who assigns each child a different project topic and has them present their topics in small groups. 
B)  Mrs. Barnett, who has a local farmer come in and explain crop harvesting to students. 
C)  Mr. Chisholm, who has students work in small rotating groups on their project about the environment. 
D)  Mrs. Dixon, who has her class do group projects on different communities in their city.

Question 17

According to Piaget's theory, a person in the _____ stage is able to conduct a systematic scientific experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  concrete operational 
A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  preoperational 
D)  concrete operational

Question 18

Which term does NOT identify one of Piaget's stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  postoperational 
D)  preoperational 
A)  formal operational 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  postoperational 
D)  preoperational

Exam 4: Section 2: Theories of Cognitive Development

Sociocultural theories suggest that in order to help their students learn, teachers:

The view that BEST represents sociocultural theories is of the child as:

Sociocultural theories refer to the values, economic circumstances, symbol systems, and skills that are involved in everyday interactions as:

Encoding refers to:

The process of repeating information over and over again in order to remember it is considered _____ by the information-processing approach.

Which is NOT a major type of executive function?

The process by which children balance assimilation and accommodation to create stable understanding is referred to as:

Deferred imitation is an indication that a child has developed:

Research done from a dynamic-systems perspective demonstrated that _____ helped infants succeed at A-not-B tasks.

At approximately what age did Piaget believe an individual is first able to form enduring mental representations?

The attempt to overcome obstacles and attain goals is referred to as:

Jenny watches her big brother climb from the couch to the coffee table, a behaviour she has never attempted herself. The next day, Jenny climbs up on the couch and then over to the coffee table. Jenny's behaviour is referred to as:

Which of these theorists would be MOST interested in the development of children's ability to inhibit their habitual response to speak when playing "The Quiet Game"?

Children in Piaget's _____ stage can solve conservation problems correctly.

Which of the following is the BEST example of a community-of-learners approach in the classroom?

According to Piaget's theory, a person in the _____ stage is able to conduct a systematic scientific experiment.

Which term does NOT identify one of Piaget's stages?

Section 1: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 2: An Introduction to Child Development

Section 1: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 2: Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Section 1: Biology and Behavior

Section 2: Biology and Behavior

Section 1: Theories of Cognitive Development

Seeing, Thinking, and Doing in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Section 1: Conceptual Development

Section 2: Conceptual Development

Section 1: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 2: Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Section 1: Theories of Social Development

Section 2: Theories of Social Development

Section 1: Emotional Development

Section 2: Emotional Development

Section 1: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 2: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Section 1: The Family

Section 2: The Family

Section 1: Peer Relationship

Section 2: Peer Relationship

Section 1: Moral Development

Section 2: Moral Development

Section 1: Gender Development

Section 2: Gender Development

Section 1: Conclusions

Section 2: Conclusions

Filters