Question 1

How does the scientific community protect against confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

•Individual scientists are often strongl

Question 2

Modus ponens allows us to infer:

Accepted Answer

A)  the antecedent from the consequent. 
B)  the consequent from the antecedent. 
C)  that the antecedent is false if the consequent is false. 
D)  that the consequent is false if the antecedent is false. 
A)  the antecedent from the consequent. 
B)  the consequent from the antecedent. 
C)  that the antecedent is false if the consequent is false. 
D)  that the consequent is false if the antecedent is false.

Question 3

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You became sick.
Therefore,you ate uncooked food.
This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent. 
A)  modus ponens. 
B)  modus tollens. 
C)  affirmation of the consequent. 
D)  denial of the antecedent.

Question 4

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select?
All men are humans.
Some humans are women.

Accepted Answer

A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men. 
A)  All men are women. 
B)  Some men are women. 
C)  No men are women. 
D)  Some women are men.

Question 5

Which is NOT an example of probabilistic reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  diagnosing a disease 
B)  forming a hypothesis 
C)  solving a mystery 
D)  solving an equation 
A)  diagnosing a disease 
B)  forming a hypothesis 
C)  solving a mystery 
D)  solving an equation

Question 6

Which brain structure becomes active when an individual is contemplating evidence that is inconsistent with a hypothesis,as demonstrated by Fugelsang and Dunbar (2005)?

Accepted Answer

A)  the prefrontal cortex 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the cingulate cortex 
D)  Wernicke's area 
A)  the prefrontal cortex 
B)  the hippocampus 
C)  the cingulate cortex 
D)  Wernicke's area

Question 7

What brain regions are activated when people reason about problems with meaningful content versus when people reason about problems without content?

Accepted Answer

When reasoning about meaningful content,

Question 8

Knowledge about real-world situations _____ performance on logical reasoning tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases 
B)  increases 
C)  decreases or increases 
D)  does not influence 
A)  decreases 
B)  increases 
C)  decreases or increases 
D)  does not influence

Question 9

Inductive reasoning is localized in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  left hemisphere. 
B)  right hemisphere. 
C)  anterior portions of the brain. 
D)  posterior portions of the brain. 
A)  left hemisphere. 
B)  right hemisphere. 
C)  anterior portions of the brain. 
D)  posterior portions of the brain.

Question 10

Which is/are an invalid induction(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

When judging meaningful content,_____ regions are active.

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal 
B)  left-prefrontal 
C)  temporal-parietal 
D)  both left-prefrontal and temporal-parietal 
A)  parietal 
B)  left-prefrontal 
C)  temporal-parietal 
D)  both left-prefrontal and temporal-parietal

Question 12

Affirmation of the consequent is an example of a valid inference.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The atmosphere hypothesis tries to predict what conclusions individuals will accept.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick.The if part (you eat uncooked food)is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  antecedent. 
B)  consequent. 
C)  conditional statement. 
D)  syllogism. 
A)  antecedent. 
B)  consequent. 
C)  conditional statement. 
D)  syllogism.

Question 15

What is confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias is the strat

Question 16

Which is an invalid deduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent 
D)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent 
A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus ponens and modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent 
D)  affirmation of the consequent and denial of the antecedent

Question 17

Which is a central rule of inference in the logic of the conditional statement that allows us to infer the consequent if you are given the antecedent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bayes's theorem 
B)  permission schema 
C)  modus ponens 
D)  probabilistic interpretation 
A)  Bayes's theorem 
B)  permission schema 
C)  modus ponens 
D)  probabilistic interpretation

Question 18

Okada and Simon found that individuals were more successful than pairs at completing a task.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Conjunctive concepts are easiest to discover.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A is the antecedent,and B is the consequent.Given that A is false,infer that B is false.Which rule of inference is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent 
D)  denial of the antecedent 
A)  modus ponens 
B)  modus tollens 
C)  affirmation of the consequent 
D)  denial of the antecedent

How does the scientific community protect against confirmation bias?

Modus ponens allows us to infer:

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You became sick. Therefore,you ate uncooked food. This is an example of:

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? All men are humans. Some humans are women.

Which is NOT an example of probabilistic reasoning?

Which brain structure becomes active when an individual is contemplating evidence that is inconsistent with a hypothesis,as demonstrated by Fugelsang and Dunbar (2005)?

What brain regions are activated when people reason about problems with meaningful content versus when people reason about problems without content?

Knowledge about real-world situations _____ performance on logical reasoning tasks.

Inductive reasoning is localized in the:

Which is/are an invalid induction(s)?

When judging meaningful content,_____ regions are active.

Affirmation of the consequent is an example of a valid inference.

The atmosphere hypothesis tries to predict what conclusions individuals will accept.

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick.The if part (you eat uncooked food)is the:

What is confirmation bias?

Which is an invalid deduction?

Which is a central rule of inference in the logic of the conditional statement that allows us to infer the consequent if you are given the antecedent?

Okada and Simon found that individuals were more successful than pairs at completing a task.

Conjunctive concepts are easiest to discover.

A is the antecedent,and B is the consequent.Given that A is false,infer that B is false.Which rule of inference is this?

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

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Exam 10: Reasoning

How does the scientific community protect against confirmation bias?

Modus ponens allows us to infer:

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick. You became sick. Therefore,you ate uncooked food. This is an example of:

Based on what you know of the atmosphere hypothesis,and given the following premises,which conclusion should participants select? All men are humans. Some humans are women.

Which is NOT an example of probabilistic reasoning?

Which brain structure becomes active when an individual is contemplating evidence that is inconsistent with a hypothesis,as demonstrated by Fugelsang and Dunbar (2005)?

What brain regions are activated when people reason about problems with meaningful content versus when people reason about problems without content?

Knowledge about real-world situations _____ performance on logical reasoning tasks.

Inductive reasoning is localized in the:

Which is/are an invalid induction(s)?

When judging meaningful content,_____ regions are active.

Affirmation of the consequent is an example of a valid inference.

The atmosphere hypothesis tries to predict what conclusions individuals will accept.

If you eat uncooked food,then you will become sick.The if part (you eat uncooked food)is the:

What is confirmation bias?

Which is an invalid deduction?

Which is a central rule of inference in the logic of the conditional statement that allows us to infer the consequent if you are given the antecedent?

Okada and Simon found that individuals were more successful than pairs at completing a task.

Conjunctive concepts are easiest to discover.

A is the antecedent,and B is the consequent.Given that A is false,infer that B is false.Which rule of inference is this?

The Science of Cognition

Perception

Attention and Performance

Mental Imagery

Representation of Knowledge

Human Memory: Encoding and Storage

Human Memory: Retention and Retrieval

Problem Solving

Expertise

Decision Making

Language Structure

Language Comprehension

Individual Differences in Cognition

Filters