Question 1

In which organism below has calmodulin not been found?

Accepted Answer

A) plants 
B) animals 
C) bacteria 
D) yeasts 
E) humans 
A) plants 
B) animals 
C) bacteria 
D) yeasts 
E) humans

Question 2

What recruits cytoplasmic GRKs (G protein-coupled receptor kinases)to the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) inhibition of certain G proteins 
B) destruction of the GPCRs 
C) activation of GPCRs 
D) inhibition of the GPCRs 
E) destruction of the hormone 
A) inhibition of certain G proteins 
B) destruction of the GPCRs 
C) activation of GPCRs 
D) inhibition of the GPCRs 
E) destruction of the hormone

Question 3

What role do activated steroid receptors play in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) activation of inactive enzymes 
B) inactivation of active enzymes 
C) ligand-regulated transcription factors 
D) opening of specific ion channels 
E) activation of cytoplasmic proteins 
A) activation of inactive enzymes 
B) inactivation of active enzymes 
C) ligand-regulated transcription factors 
D) opening of specific ion channels 
E) activation of cytoplasmic proteins

Question 4

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) a preassembled trimer 
B) a preasembled dimer 
C) a disassembled trimer 
D) a disassembled dimer 
E) a tetrameric trimer 
A) a preassembled trimer 
B) a preasembled dimer 
C) a disassembled trimer 
D) a disassembled dimer 
E) a tetrameric trimer

Question 5

Where are the olfactory receptor cells located?

Accepted Answer

A) the brain 
B) the nasal septum 
C) the nasal mucosa 
D) the surface of the tongue 
E) the nasal serosa 
A) the brain 
B) the nasal septum 
C) the nasal mucosa 
D) the surface of the tongue 
E) the nasal serosa

Question 6

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

Accepted Answer

A) through careful drug testing 
B) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had less angina on days that they worked 
C) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had more angina on days that they worked 
D) by reading the literature 
E) by prayer 
A) through careful drug testing 
B) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had less angina on days that they worked 
C) the fact that dynamite factory workers with heart conditions had more angina on days that they worked 
D) by reading the literature 
E) by prayer

Question 7

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a compound interacting with a G protein coupled receptor on the receptor cell surface 
B) sodium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
C) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
D) potassium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
E) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane hyperpolarization 
A) a compound interacting with a G protein coupled receptor on the receptor cell surface 
B) sodium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
C) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
D) potassium ions in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane depolarization 
E) protons in the food that enter cation channels in the taste receptor plasma membrane,leading to a membrane hyperpolarization

Question 8

How is the distribution of free calcium ions in the living cell detected?

Accepted Answer

A) fluorescent probes that emit light in the presence of calcium ions 
B) antibodies bound to ferritin 
C) an electron microscope 
D) autoradiography and the distribution of radioisotope 
E) NMR imaging 
A) fluorescent probes that emit light in the presence of calcium ions 
B) antibodies bound to ferritin 
C) an electron microscope 
D) autoradiography and the distribution of radioisotope 
E) NMR imaging

Question 9

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Accepted Answer

A) potassium efflux 
B) sodium influx 
C) an action potential 
D) IP3 release 
E) IP3 uptake 
A) potassium efflux 
B) sodium influx 
C) an action potential 
D) IP3 release 
E) IP3 uptake

Question 10

Which of the following signaling methods is not found in plants but is present in other eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) MAP kinase pathway 
B) Ca2+ signaling 
C) phosphoinositide signaling 
D) cyclic nucleotides 
E) extracellular receptors 
A) MAP kinase pathway 
B) Ca2+ signaling 
C) phosphoinositide signaling 
D) cyclic nucleotides 
E) extracellular receptors

Question 11

Viruses that carry their genetic information in the form of RNA are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) viria 
B) retroviruses 
C) reverse transcriptases 
D) retrons 
E) provirions 
A) viria 
B) retroviruses 
C) reverse transcriptases 
D) retrons 
E) provirions

Question 12

The _________ pathway of apoptosis is one in which external stimuli activate apoptosis via a signaling pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) extrinsic 
B) external 
C) intrinsic 
D) peripheral 
E) integral 
A) extrinsic 
B) external 
C) intrinsic 
D) peripheral 
E) integral

Question 13

Among the agents that can cause ryanodine receptors to open are _______ ions,in a phenomenon called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) calcium,calcium-integrated calcium release 
B) calcium,calcium-induced calcium release 
C) potassium,potassium-induced calcium release 
D) chlorine,chlorine-induced calcium release 
E) copper,copper-induced calcium release 
A) calcium,calcium-integrated calcium release 
B) calcium,calcium-induced calcium release 
C) potassium,potassium-induced calcium release 
D) chlorine,chlorine-induced calcium release 
E) copper,copper-induced calcium release

Question 14

The concentration of calcium ions in the ER lumen,the plant cell vacuole and the extracellular space are on average more than _______ times higher than in the cytosol.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 
B) 100 
C) 1,000 
D) 10.000 
E) 1,000,000 
A) 10 
B) 100 
C) 1,000 
D) 10.000 
E) 1,000,000

Question 15

Which of the following contains an SH2 domain together with a tyrosine phosphorylation site that can act as a binding site for the SH2 domain of an identical molecule leading to dimerization?

Accepted Answer

A) adaptor proteins 
B) docking proteins 
C) transcription factors 
D) enzymes 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) adaptor proteins 
B) docking proteins 
C) transcription factors 
D) enzymes 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 16

No matter how the signal initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand is,what is the outcome of that signal?

Accepted Answer

A) A protein in the middle of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
B) A protein at the top of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
C) A protein at the top of an extracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
D) A protein at the top of an intracellular signaling pathway is deactivated. 
E) A protein at the bottom of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
A) A protein in the middle of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
B) A protein at the top of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
C) A protein at the top of an extracellular signaling pathway is activated. 
D) A protein at the top of an intracellular signaling pathway is deactivated. 
E) A protein at the bottom of an intracellular signaling pathway is activated.

Question 17

From what molecule are the steroids derived?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) cholesterol 
C) glucose 
D) phospholipids 
E) glucagons 
A) CO2 
B) cholesterol 
C) glucose 
D) phospholipids 
E) glucagons

Question 18

Arrestin binding to GPCRs __________.

Accepted Answer

A) causes the binding of additional G proteins 
B) prevents further activation of additional G proteins 
C) causes denaturation of G proteins 
D) stabilizes G proteins 
E) stabilizes GPCRs 
A) causes the binding of additional G proteins 
B) prevents further activation of additional G proteins 
C) causes denaturation of G proteins 
D) stabilizes G proteins 
E) stabilizes GPCRs

Question 19

________ form a small group of proteins that bind to GPCRs and compete for binding to those GPCRs with heterotrimeric G proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) Stablins 
B) Arrestins 
C) Monomeric G proteins 
D) G protein-coupled receptor kinases 
E) Desensitizers 
A) Stablins 
B) Arrestins 
C) Monomeric G proteins 
D) G protein-coupled receptor kinases 
E) Desensitizers

Question 20

_____ is formed from the amino acid L-______ in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme _____.

Accepted Answer

A) Nitrous oxide,arginine,nitrous oxide synthase 
B) Nitric oxide,asparagine,nitric oxide synthase 
C) Nitric oxide,alanine,nitric oxide synthase 
D) Nitric oxide,arginine,nitric oxide synthase 
E) Nitrous oxide,arginine,nitric oxide synthase 
A) Nitrous oxide,arginine,nitrous oxide synthase 
B) Nitric oxide,asparagine,nitric oxide synthase 
C) Nitric oxide,alanine,nitric oxide synthase 
D) Nitric oxide,arginine,nitric oxide synthase 
E) Nitrous oxide,arginine,nitric oxide synthase

In which organism below has calmodulin not been found?

What recruits cytoplasmic GRKs (G protein-coupled receptor kinases)to the plasma membrane?

What role do activated steroid receptors play in the cell?

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Where are the olfactory receptor cells located?

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

How is the distribution of free calcium ions in the living cell detected?

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Which of the following signaling methods is not found in plants but is present in other eukaryotes?

Viruses that carry their genetic information in the form of RNA are called ________.

The _________ pathway of apoptosis is one in which external stimuli activate apoptosis via a signaling pathway.

Among the agents that can cause ryanodine receptors to open are _ ions,in a phenomenon called _.

The concentration of calcium ions in the ER lumen,the plant cell vacuole and the extracellular space are on average more than _______ times higher than in the cytosol.

Which of the following contains an SH2 domain together with a tyrosine phosphorylation site that can act as a binding site for the SH2 domain of an identical molecule leading to dimerization?

No matter how the signal initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand is,what is the outcome of that signal?

From what molecule are the steroids derived?

Arrestin binding to GPCRs __________.

________ form a small group of proteins that bind to GPCRs and compete for binding to those GPCRs with heterotrimeric G proteins.

_ is formed from the amino acid L- in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme ___.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 15: Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

In which organism below has calmodulin not been found?

What recruits cytoplasmic GRKs (G protein-coupled receptor kinases)to the plasma membrane?

What role do activated steroid receptors play in the cell?

Evidence suggests that TNFR1 is present in the plasma membrane as __________.

Where are the olfactory receptor cells located?

How were nitroglycerine's therapeutic benefits discovered?

Perception of sour tastes depends upon _________.

How is the distribution of free calcium ions in the living cell detected?

What generally triggers the release of calcium ions by ryanodine receptors?

Which of the following signaling methods is not found in plants but is present in other eukaryotes?

Viruses that carry their genetic information in the form of RNA are called ________.

The _________ pathway of apoptosis is one in which external stimuli activate apoptosis via a signaling pathway.

Among the agents that can cause ryanodine receptors to open are _______ ions,in a phenomenon called _______.

The concentration of calcium ions in the ER lumen,the plant cell vacuole and the extracellular space are on average more than _______ times higher than in the cytosol.

Which of the following contains an SH2 domain together with a tyrosine phosphorylation site that can act as a binding site for the SH2 domain of an identical molecule leading to dimerization?

No matter how the signal initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand is,what is the outcome of that signal?

From what molecule are the steroids derived?

Arrestin binding to GPCRs __________.

________ form a small group of proteins that bind to GPCRs and compete for binding to those GPCRs with heterotrimeric G proteins.

_____ is formed from the amino acid L-______ in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme _____.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Among the agents that can cause ryanodine receptors to open are _ ions,in a phenomenon called _.

_ is formed from the amino acid L- in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme ___.