Question 1

A collection of cloned DNA fragments is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) a DNA collection 
B) a DNA file 
C) a DNA library 
D) a DNA biblion 
E) a DNA codon 
A) a DNA collection 
B) a DNA file 
C) a DNA library 
D) a DNA biblion 
E) a DNA codon C

Question 2

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

Accepted Answer

A) the Sanger-PCR method 
B) the Maxam-Gilbert method 
C) the cycle sequencing method 
D) the Sanger-Gilbert method 
E) the Maxam-Coulson method 
A) the Sanger-PCR method 
B) the Maxam-Gilbert method 
C) the cycle sequencing method 
D) the Sanger-Gilbert method 
E) the Maxam-Coulson method C

Question 3

Through what process did the existence of genes first become apparent?

Accepted Answer

A) directed mutation 
B) replication 
C) random mutation 
D) evolution 
E) intelligent design 
A) directed mutation 
B) replication 
C) random mutation 
D) evolution 
E) intelligent design C

Question 4

Which of the following is a technique used to isolate a particular organelle in bulk so that its function can be studied or so that an enzyme can be isolated from it?

Accepted Answer

A) differential interference contrast microscopy 
B) differential centrifugation 
C) affinity chromatography 
D) selective precipitation 
E) autoradiography 
A) differential interference contrast microscopy 
B) differential centrifugation 
C) affinity chromatography 
D) selective precipitation 
E) autoradiography

Question 5

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

Accepted Answer

A) It allows water to restrict solubility. 
B) It allows proteins or nucleic acids to diffuse in and out of the beads differentially. 
C) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to denature. 
D) It causes the proteins or nucleotides to precipitate. 
E) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to solubilize. 
A) It allows water to restrict solubility. 
B) It allows proteins or nucleic acids to diffuse in and out of the beads differentially. 
C) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to denature. 
D) It causes the proteins or nucleotides to precipitate. 
E) It causes the proteins or nucleic acids to solubilize.

Question 6

Why must a specimen that is to be viewed in the SEM have no water in it?

Accepted Answer

A) Water causes the specimen to swell. 
B) Water distorts the image. 
C) The specimen will be observed in a vacuum,which will cause the water to freeze. 
D) The specimen will be observed in a vacuum,which will cause the water to evaporate rapidly and damage the specimen,altering its surface structure. 
E) Water attracts electrons. 
A) Water causes the specimen to swell. 
B) Water distorts the image. 
C) The specimen will be observed in a vacuum,which will cause the water to freeze. 
D) The specimen will be observed in a vacuum,which will cause the water to evaporate rapidly and damage the specimen,altering its surface structure. 
E) Water attracts electrons.

Question 7

Electron cryomicroscopy can be used to cause membrane proteins to become closely packed at very low temperatures into two-dimensional crystalline arrays within the plane of a membrane.The structures of such proteins are then determined from combined,high-resolution electron microscope images of many different protein molecules taken at various angles.This process is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) cryopreservation 
B) electron crystallography 
C) cryohistology 
D) electron cryocrystallography 
E) proton microscopy 
A) cryopreservation 
B) electron crystallography 
C) cryohistology 
D) electron cryocrystallography 
E) proton microscopy

Question 8

When malignant myeloma cells and normal lymphocytes are fused together to make hybrid cells,the cells thus produced are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) lymphomas 
B) antibomas 
C) hybridomas 
D) myelobrids 
E) lymphocytomas 
A) lymphomas 
B) antibomas 
C) hybridomas 
D) myelobrids 
E) lymphocytomas

Question 9

Which form of radiation is composed of electromagnetic radiation or photons?

Accepted Answer

A) an alpha particle 
B) a delta particle 
C) a beta particle 
D) gamma radiation 
E) omega radiation 
A) an alpha particle 
B) a delta particle 
C) a beta particle 
D) gamma radiation 
E) omega radiation

Question 10

What is the name of the special device used to section a frozen block of tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) microtome 
B) ultramicrotome 
C) cryomicrotome 
D) ultratome 
E) microslicer 
A) microtome 
B) ultramicrotome 
C) cryomicrotome 
D) ultratome 
E) microslicer

Question 11

When DNAs from two different organisms are incubated together,some duplexes are formed by DNA strands from the two species.What indicates that such duplexes are less stable than those between strands from the same organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Heterogeneous duplexes melt at lower temperatures than homogeneous duplexes. 
B) Heterogeneous duplexes melt at higher temperatures than homogeneous duplexes. 
C) Heterogeneous duplexes are degraded faster. 
D) Heterogeneous duplexes are degraded more slowly. 
E) There is no difference in stability between homogeneous and heterogeneous duplexes. 
A) Heterogeneous duplexes melt at lower temperatures than homogeneous duplexes. 
B) Heterogeneous duplexes melt at higher temperatures than homogeneous duplexes. 
C) Heterogeneous duplexes are degraded faster. 
D) Heterogeneous duplexes are degraded more slowly. 
E) There is no difference in stability between homogeneous and heterogeneous duplexes.

Question 12

Another name for short,single-stranded nucleic acid molecules is _________.

Accepted Answer

A) mininucleotides 
B) micronucleotides 
C) polynucleotides 
D) oligonucleotides 
E) ohnonucleotides 
A) mininucleotides 
B) micronucleotides 
C) polynucleotides 
D) oligonucleotides 
E) ohnonucleotides

Question 13

What step must first be carried out before one can amplify RNA templates?

Accepted Answer

A) Denaturation must be carried out first. 
B) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using DNA polymerase. 
C) They must first be converted to complementary RNAs using RNA polymerase. 
D) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using reverse transcriptase. 
E) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using Taq polymerase. 
A) Denaturation must be carried out first. 
B) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using DNA polymerase. 
C) They must first be converted to complementary RNAs using RNA polymerase. 
D) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using reverse transcriptase. 
E) They must first be converted to complementary DNAs using Taq polymerase.

Question 14

For each protein,there is a pH at which negative and positive charges are equal.This pH is referred to as the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) pH point 
B) neutralization point 
C) isometric point 
D) isoelectric point 
E) isotonic point 
A) pH point 
B) neutralization point 
C) isometric point 
D) isoelectric point 
E) isotonic point

Question 15

Molecules which absorb photons of a specific wavelength and release a portion of the energy in longer wavelengths are called ____

Accepted Answer

A) fluorophores 
B) absorbers 
C) fluorocules 
D) emitters 
E) glow molecules 
A) fluorophores 
B) absorbers 
C) fluorocules 
D) emitters 
E) glow molecules

Question 16

After exposing a DNA extract to phenol or a mixture of phenol and chloroform and centrifuging the solution,where are the proteins located?

Accepted Answer

A) in the upper aqueous phase 
B) in the lower phenol phase 
C) in the upper phenol phase 
D) in the lower aqueous phase 
E) precipitated at the boundary between the aqueous and phenol phases 
A) in the upper aqueous phase 
B) in the lower phenol phase 
C) in the upper phenol phase 
D) in the lower aqueous phase 
E) precipitated at the boundary between the aqueous and phenol phases

Question 17

Good fixatives are chemicals that _______ and ________ cellular macromolecules without producing artifacts.

Accepted Answer

A) precipitate,degrade 
B) degrade,denature 
C) denature,precipitate 
D) denature,polarize 
E) polarize,precipitate 
A) precipitate,degrade 
B) degrade,denature 
C) denature,precipitate 
D) denature,polarize 
E) polarize,precipitate

Question 18

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

Accepted Answer

A) both PCR primers 
B) randomly generated primers 
C) one,but only one,of the PCR primers 
D) any primer but the PCR primers 
E) poly(
A) oligonucleotides 
A) both PCR primers 
B) randomly generated primers 
C) one,but only one,of the PCR primers 
D) any primer but the PCR primers 
E) poly(
A) oligonucleotides

Question 19

In the yeast two-hybrid assay,the ____domain and _____ domain of a transcription factor are fused to two different proteins.If the proteins interact with each other,the transcription factor can allow reporter gene expression.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA binding,activation 
B) DNA binding,inhibition 
C) regulation,activation 
D) fish,bait 
E) upper,lower 
A) DNA binding,activation 
B) DNA binding,inhibition 
C) regulation,activation 
D) fish,bait 
E) upper,lower

Question 20

Pulsed-field electrophoresis is typically used to separate what molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) small DNA molecules 
B) very small DNA molecules 
C) proteins larger than 25,000 daltons 
D) DNA molecules greater than about 25 kb 
E) DNA molecules smaller than about 25 kb 
A) small DNA molecules 
B) very small DNA molecules 
C) proteins larger than 25,000 daltons 
D) DNA molecules greater than about 25 kb 
E) DNA molecules smaller than about 25 kb

A collection of cloned DNA fragments is called _________.

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

Through what process did the existence of genes first become apparent?

Which of the following is a technique used to isolate a particular organelle in bulk so that its function can be studied or so that an enzyme can be isolated from it?

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

Why must a specimen that is to be viewed in the SEM have no water in it?

When malignant myeloma cells and normal lymphocytes are fused together to make hybrid cells,the cells thus produced are called _________.

Which form of radiation is composed of electromagnetic radiation or photons?

What is the name of the special device used to section a frozen block of tissue?

When DNAs from two different organisms are incubated together,some duplexes are formed by DNA strands from the two species.What indicates that such duplexes are less stable than those between strands from the same organism?

Another name for short,single-stranded nucleic acid molecules is _________.

What step must first be carried out before one can amplify RNA templates?

For each protein,there is a pH at which negative and positive charges are equal.This pH is referred to as the ___________.

Molecules which absorb photons of a specific wavelength and release a portion of the energy in longer wavelengths are called ____

After exposing a DNA extract to phenol or a mixture of phenol and chloroform and centrifuging the solution,where are the proteins located?

Good fixatives are chemicals that _ and __ cellular macromolecules without producing artifacts.

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

In the yeast two-hybrid assay,the domain and _ domain of a transcription factor are fused to two different proteins.If the proteins interact with each other,the transcription factor can allow reporter gene expression.

Pulsed-field electrophoresis is typically used to separate what molecules?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters

Exam 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

A collection of cloned DNA fragments is called _________.

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

Through what process did the existence of genes first become apparent?

Which of the following is a technique used to isolate a particular organelle in bulk so that its function can be studied or so that an enzyme can be isolated from it?

What is the significance of the varying porosity of gel filtration media?

Why must a specimen that is to be viewed in the SEM have no water in it?

When malignant myeloma cells and normal lymphocytes are fused together to make hybrid cells,the cells thus produced are called _________.

Which form of radiation is composed of electromagnetic radiation or photons?

What is the name of the special device used to section a frozen block of tissue?

When DNAs from two different organisms are incubated together,some duplexes are formed by DNA strands from the two species.What indicates that such duplexes are less stable than those between strands from the same organism?

Another name for short,single-stranded nucleic acid molecules is _________.

What step must first be carried out before one can amplify RNA templates?

For each protein,there is a pH at which negative and positive charges are equal.This pH is referred to as the ___________.

Molecules which absorb photons of a specific wavelength and release a portion of the energy in longer wavelengths are called ____

After exposing a DNA extract to phenol or a mixture of phenol and chloroform and centrifuging the solution,where are the proteins located?

Good fixatives are chemicals that _______ and ________ cellular macromolecules without producing artifacts.

If the template in the cycle sequencing method is a PCR product,what is generally used as a primer?

In the yeast two-hybrid assay,the ____domain and _____ domain of a transcription factor are fused to two different proteins.If the proteins interact with each other,the transcription factor can allow reporter gene expression.

Pulsed-field electrophoresis is typically used to separate what molecules?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Filters

Good fixatives are chemicals that _ and __ cellular macromolecules without producing artifacts.

In the yeast two-hybrid assay,the domain and _ domain of a transcription factor are fused to two different proteins.If the proteins interact with each other,the transcription factor can allow reporter gene expression.