Question 1

What event is usually responsible for terminating signal transduction by RTKs?

Accepted Answer

A) dephosphorylation of the receptor 
B) degradation of the ligand 
C) receptor internalization 
D) phosphorylation of the receptor 
E) acetylation of the receptor 
A) dephosphorylation of the receptor 
B) degradation of the ligand 
C) receptor internalization 
D) phosphorylation of the receptor 
E) acetylation of the receptor

Question 2

Which signaling molecules are nonpolar molecules containing 20 carbons that are derived from a fatty acid named arachidonic acid?

Accepted Answer

A) eicosanoids 
B) steroids 
C) acetylcholine 
D) acetylsalicylic acid 
E) epinephrine 
A) eicosanoids 
B) steroids 
C) acetylcholine 
D) acetylsalicylic acid 
E) epinephrine

Question 3

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A) $\alpha$-cells in the pancreas 
B) $\beta$-cells in the pancreas 
C) $\Delta$-cells in the pancreas 
D) cortical cells in the adrenal gland 
E) medulla cells in the adrenal gland 
A) $\alpha$-cells in the pancreas 
B) $\beta$-cells in the pancreas 
C) $\Delta$-cells in the pancreas 
D) cortical cells in the adrenal gland 
E) medulla cells in the adrenal gland

Question 4

In cells exposed to stressful stimuli,like X-rays or damaging chemicals,what response does the MAP kinase cascade coordinate?

Accepted Answer

A) cell proliferation 
B) withdrawal from the cell cycle 
C) rapid differentiation 
D) slowing of the Krebs cycle 
E) a loss of sensory ability 
A) cell proliferation 
B) withdrawal from the cell cycle 
C) rapid differentiation 
D) slowing of the Krebs cycle 
E) a loss of sensory ability

Question 5

What group of enzymes phosphorylates most of the carbons on inositol?

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipases 
B) phosphoinositide kinases 
C) phosphorylases 
D) phosphodiesterases 
E) phosphatases 
A) phospholipases 
B) phosphoinositide kinases 
C) phosphorylases 
D) phosphodiesterases 
E) phosphatases

Question 6

What is activated by calcium ions entering an egg cell just after fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A) protein kinase A 
B) insulin 
C) cyclin-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first mitotic division 
D) cyclin-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first meiotic division 
E) glucagon-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first mitotic division 
A) protein kinase A 
B) insulin 
C) cyclin-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first mitotic division 
D) cyclin-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first meiotic division 
E) glucagon-dependent kinases that drive the zygote toward its first mitotic division

Question 7

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

Accepted Answer

A) its phosphorylation by PKB 
B) its dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
C) its dephosphorylation by PKB 
D) its phosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
E) its degradation by PKB 
A) its phosphorylation by PKB 
B) its dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
C) its dephosphorylation by PKB 
D) its phosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 
E) its degradation by PKB

Question 8

Which molecule below is unlikely to act as either a neurotransmitter or hormone?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) glycine 
C) dopamine 
D) eicosanoids 
E) thyroid hormone 
A) glucose 
B) glycine 
C) dopamine 
D) eicosanoids 
E) thyroid hormone

Question 9

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) oncogenes 
B) cancogenes 
C) haplogenes 
D) tumor enhancer genes 
E) transformer genes 
A) oncogenes 
B) cancogenes 
C) haplogenes 
D) tumor enhancer genes 
E) transformer genes

Question 10

Each TNFR1 receptor subunit has a cytoplasmic domain with a segment of about 70 amino acids that mediates protein-protein interactions.This domain of the receptor is referred to as the ______ domain.

Accepted Answer

A) central 
B) morte 
C) death 
D) terminal 
E) cytoplasmic 
A) central 
B) morte 
C) death 
D) terminal 
E) cytoplasmic

Question 11

What kind of enzyme is the RAS gene product,the Ras protein?

Accepted Answer

A) an ATPase 
B) a kinase 
C) a phosphodiesterase 
D) a GTPase 
E) a phosphatase 
A) an ATPase 
B) a kinase 
C) a phosphodiesterase 
D) a GTPase 
E) a phosphatase

Question 12

For many years,_______ was the only member of the GPCR superfamily to have its X-ray crystal structure determined.

Accepted Answer

A) rhodopsin 
B) the steroid receptor 
C) the insulin receptor 
D) the glucagon receptor 
E) the endocrine receptor 
A) rhodopsin 
B) the steroid receptor 
C) the insulin receptor 
D) the glucagon receptor 
E) the endocrine receptor

Question 13

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) weak interactions with the phospholipid head groups 
B) weak interactions with integral membrane proteins 
C) hydrophilic interactions of the Ras protein with the interior of the phospholipid bilayer 
D) attachment to a lipid group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
E) attachment to a carbohydrate group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
A) weak interactions with the phospholipid head groups 
B) weak interactions with integral membrane proteins 
C) hydrophilic interactions of the Ras protein with the interior of the phospholipid bilayer 
D) attachment to a lipid group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer 
E) attachment to a carbohydrate group that is embedded in the inner leaflet of the bilayer

Question 14

How does Viagra enhance erectile function of the penis?

Accepted Answer

A) by inhibiting nitric oxide release 
B) by inhibiting guanylyl cyclase activity 
C) by preventing cGMP production 
D) by inhibiting cGMP phosphodiesterase 
E) by inhibiting cGMP phosphatase 
A) by inhibiting nitric oxide release 
B) by inhibiting guanylyl cyclase activity 
C) by preventing cGMP production 
D) by inhibiting cGMP phosphodiesterase 
E) by inhibiting cGMP phosphatase

Question 15

The addition of nitric oxide to the sulfhydryl groups of certain cysteine residues in a number of proteins,including hemoglobin,Ras,ryanodine channels and caspases alters the activity,turnover or interactions of the proteins.This posttranslational modification is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) S-nitrosylation 
B) SH-nitrosylation 
C) sulfhydration 
D) nitrofruition 
E) nitric acidification 
A) S-nitrosylation 
B) SH-nitrosylation 
C) sulfhydration 
D) nitrofruition 
E) nitric acidification

Question 16

Ora1 is a tetrameric _______ that has been identified as being involved in a particular type of inherited human immune deficiency that results from a lack of Ca2+ stores in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Ca2+--ion channel,B lymphocytes 
B) Ca2+--ion pump,B lymphocytes 
C) Ca2+-ion channel,T lymphocytes 
D) Ca2+--ion pump,T lymphocytes 
E) Ca2+--ion channel,macrophages 
A) Ca2+--ion channel,B lymphocytes 
B) Ca2+--ion pump,B lymphocytes 
C) Ca2+-ion channel,T lymphocytes 
D) Ca2+--ion pump,T lymphocytes 
E) Ca2+--ion channel,macrophages

Question 17

The passage of signals back and forth between different pathways is referred to as _________.

Accepted Answer

A) divergence 
B) convergence 
C) crosstalk 
D) transvergence 
E) coherence 
A) divergence 
B) convergence 
C) crosstalk 
D) transvergence 
E) coherence

Question 18

What molecule is responsible for activating Rsk-2?

Accepted Answer

A) PKA 
B) CREB 
C) MAPKK 
D) MAPK 
E) cAMP 
A) PKA 
B) CREB 
C) MAPKK 
D) MAPK 
E) cAMP

Question 19

Following a nerve impulse,what triggers the opening of plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca2+ channels?

Accepted Answer

A) membrane hyperpolarization 
B) binding of an appropriate ligand 
C) membrane depolarization 
D) membrane hypopolarization 
E) binding of K+ ions 
A) membrane hyperpolarization 
B) binding of an appropriate ligand 
C) membrane depolarization 
D) membrane hypopolarization 
E) binding of K+ ions

Question 20

Two $\alpha$$\beta$ heterodimers of the insulin receptor are held together by ____ between the _______.

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonds,$\alpha$ chains 
B) ionic bonds,$\beta$ chains 
C) disulfide bonds,$\alpha$chains 
D) disulfide bonds,$\beta$ chains 
E) disulfide bonds,$\alpha$ chain of one heterodimer and the  chain of the other 
A) ionic bonds,$\alpha$ chains 
B) ionic bonds,$\beta$ chains 
C) disulfide bonds,$\alpha$chains 
D) disulfide bonds,$\beta$ chains 
E) disulfide bonds,$\alpha$ chain of one heterodimer and the  chain of the other

What event is usually responsible for terminating signal transduction by RTKs?

Which signaling molecules are nonpolar molecules containing 20 carbons that are derived from a fatty acid named arachidonic acid?

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

In cells exposed to stressful stimuli,like X-rays or damaging chemicals,what response does the MAP kinase cascade coordinate?

What group of enzymes phosphorylates most of the carbons on inositol?

What is activated by calcium ions entering an egg cell just after fertilization?

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

Which molecule below is unlikely to act as either a neurotransmitter or hormone?

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

Each TNFR1 receptor subunit has a cytoplasmic domain with a segment of about 70 amino acids that mediates protein-protein interactions.This domain of the receptor is referred to as the ______ domain.

What kind of enzyme is the RAS gene product,the Ras protein?

For many years,_______ was the only member of the GPCR superfamily to have its X-ray crystal structure determined.

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

How does Viagra enhance erectile function of the penis?

The addition of nitric oxide to the sulfhydryl groups of certain cysteine residues in a number of proteins,including hemoglobin,Ras,ryanodine channels and caspases alters the activity,turnover or interactions of the proteins.This posttranslational modification is called _______.

Ora1 is a tetrameric _ that has been identified as being involved in a particular type of inherited human immune deficiency that results from a lack of Ca2+ stores in __.

The passage of signals back and forth between different pathways is referred to as _________.

What molecule is responsible for activating Rsk-2?

Following a nerve impulse,what triggers the opening of plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca2+ channels?

Two $\alpha$ $\beta$ heterodimers of the insulin receptor are held together by between the ___.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 15: Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

What event is usually responsible for terminating signal transduction by RTKs?

Which signaling molecules are nonpolar molecules containing 20 carbons that are derived from a fatty acid named arachidonic acid?

Which cells secrete epinephrine?

In cells exposed to stressful stimuli,like X-rays or damaging chemicals,what response does the MAP kinase cascade coordinate?

What group of enzymes phosphorylates most of the carbons on inositol?

What is activated by calcium ions entering an egg cell just after fertilization?

What is responsible for deactivating glycogen synthase kinase-3?

Which molecule below is unlikely to act as either a neurotransmitter or hormone?

Genes that enable viruses to transform normal cells into tumor cells are called _________.

Each TNFR1 receptor subunit has a cytoplasmic domain with a segment of about 70 amino acids that mediates protein-protein interactions.This domain of the receptor is referred to as the ______ domain.

What kind of enzyme is the RAS gene product,the Ras protein?

For many years,_______ was the only member of the GPCR superfamily to have its X-ray crystal structure determined.

What holds Ras at the inner surface of the plasma membrane?

How does Viagra enhance erectile function of the penis?

The addition of nitric oxide to the sulfhydryl groups of certain cysteine residues in a number of proteins,including hemoglobin,Ras,ryanodine channels and caspases alters the activity,turnover or interactions of the proteins.This posttranslational modification is called _______.

Ora1 is a tetrameric _______ that has been identified as being involved in a particular type of inherited human immune deficiency that results from a lack of Ca2+ stores in ________.

The passage of signals back and forth between different pathways is referred to as _________.

What molecule is responsible for activating Rsk-2?

Following a nerve impulse,what triggers the opening of plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca2+ channels?

Two α\alphaαβ\betaβ heterodimers of the insulin receptor are held together by ____ between the _______.

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Ora1 is a tetrameric _ that has been identified as being involved in a particular type of inherited human immune deficiency that results from a lack of Ca2+ stores in __.

Two $\alpha$ $\beta$ heterodimers of the insulin receptor are held together by between the ___.