Exam 8: Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

An organelle whose interior exhibits a low pH is identified.It is irregularly shaped and contains acid phosphatase.What is it most likely to be?

The _______ binds integral proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane and inserts them into lipid bilayer and the ______ binds matrix proteins and translocates them completely through the inner mitochondrial membrane into the aqueous matrix compartment.

Enzymes can be purified from the microsomal fraction.They can then be used as antigens to make antibodies.The antibodies can then be exposed to cells and later visualized in the electron microscope.What allows them to be seen in the electron microscope?

Proteins destined for the inner mitochondrial membrane or the mitochondrial matrix must pass through the _________.

What is thought to dissociate the 4-stranded SNARE complex by attaching to the SNARE bundle and,using energy from ATP hydrolysis,twisting it apart?

Approaches other than enzyme replacement therapy for treatment of lysosomal storage diseases have shown some promise.What are they and how do they work?

What is the effect of CDG1b on cell physiology and what is the treatment that has shown some promise of being effective?

What enzymes are responsible for determining the sequence of sugars added to growing oligosaccharide chains of membrane proteins or secretory proteins as they travel through the Golgi complex?

The interaction between the membranes of vesicles and their target compartment is mediated by which proteins below?

Which phosphoinositide is localized at the late endosome boundary membrane?

The separation of organelles or vesicles derived from different organelles is called ______.

Explain how lysosomes become bloated in patients who suffer from I-cell disease.

The targeting sequence of mitochondrial-matrix proteins is found at the molecule's N-terminus and includes a number of positively charged residues.What is this targeting sequence called?

The inner leaflet of the plasma membrane contains elevated levels of _____,which plays an important role in the recruitment of proteins involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis,like dynamin and AP2.

Which of the following are proposed functions of autophagy?

What is the arrangement of organelles in a secretory cell from the basal end to the apical end,an arrangement that reflects the flow of secretory products from synthesis to discharge?

What molecules do the AP2 adaptors of the clathrin coat connect?

Signaling receptors are usually marked for endocytosis and subsequent destruction by the covalent attachment of a "tag" to the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor while it resides at the cell surface.What is the name of the "tag"?

What helps to give different membrane compartments their own unique surface identity?

You incubate liposomes with a series of purified proteins normally found in the coats of cell transport vesicles.After adding one of them to the liposome mixture,budding of vesicles from the liposomes began.What does this mean?