Question 1

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphorylated eIF2 denatures. 
B) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
C) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GTP for GDP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
D) Phosphorylated eIF2 is hyperactivated,blocking further translation. 
E) Dephosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
A) Phosphorylated eIF2 denatures. 
B) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
C) Phosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GTP for GDP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation. 
D) Phosphorylated eIF2 is hyperactivated,blocking further translation. 
E) Dephosphorylated eIF2 cannot exchange its GDP for GTP,which is required for eIF2 to participate in another round of translation initiation.

Question 2

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) It is much larger than the other noncoding RNAs. 
B) It is much smaller than the other noncoding RNAs. 
C) It is more tightly coiled than the other noncoding RNAs. 
D) It contains a higher content of uracil than the other noncoding RNAs. 
E) It contains a higher content of adenine than the other noncoding RNAs. 
A) It is much larger than the other noncoding RNAs. 
B) It is much smaller than the other noncoding RNAs. 
C) It is more tightly coiled than the other noncoding RNAs. 
D) It contains a higher content of uracil than the other noncoding RNAs. 
E) It contains a higher content of adenine than the other noncoding RNAs.

Question 3

You are working with adult mouse fibroblast cells.The genes for transcription factors from pluripotent stem cells are transduced into the adult fibroblast cells as part of viral vectors in various combinations,and once inside the cells they were expressed.Cells are produced that are capable of dividing indefinitely in culture and of differentiating into all of the various types of the body's cells.What are they called?

Accepted Answer

A) iPS cells 
B) white blood cells 
C) induced pluripotent cells 
D) infracted pluripotent cells 
E) both iPS cells and induced pluripotent cells 
A) iPS cells 
B) white blood cells 
C) induced pluripotent cells 
D) infracted pluripotent cells 
E) both iPS cells and induced pluripotent cells

Question 4

Which of the following words or phrases does not accurately describe the contents of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A) viscous 
B) amorphous 
C) undistinguished morphology 
D) crystalline 
E) highly extended nucleoprotein 
A) viscous 
B) amorphous 
C) undistinguished morphology 
D) crystalline 
E) highly extended nucleoprotein

Question 5

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) transcriptional-level controls 
B) processing-level controls 
C) translational-level controls 
D) replication-level controls 
E) denaturation-level controls 
A) transcriptional-level controls 
B) processing-level controls 
C) translational-level controls 
D) replication-level controls 
E) denaturation-level controls

Question 6

The operator __________.

Accepted Answer

A) is the site on the DNA where the repressor binds 
B) is the site on the DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) is the site on the DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) is the site on the RNA where the repressor binds 
E) is the site on the ribosome where the repressor binds 
A) is the site on the DNA where the repressor binds 
B) is the site on the DNA where DNA polymerase binds 
C) is the site on the DNA where reverse transcriptase binds 
D) is the site on the RNA where the repressor binds 
E) is the site on the ribosome where the repressor binds

Question 7

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

Accepted Answer

A) Deletion of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
B) Addition of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
C) Deletion of RNAi components enhances both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
D) Mutation of RNAi components denatures both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
E) None of these are correct. 
A) Deletion of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
B) Addition of RNAi components impair both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
C) Deletion of RNAi components enhances both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
D) Mutation of RNAi components denatures both methylation of histone H3K9 and heterochromatization. 
E) None of these are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal5 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4 
A) Oct4 
B) Myc 
C) Cal5 
D) Sox2 
E) Klf4

Question 9

The localization of mRNAs is mediated by specific proteins that recognize mRNA localization sequences on the mRNAs.What name has been given to these sequences?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA localizers 
B) localicodes 
C) zip-codes 
D) ziptrons 
E) zaptronics 
A) mRNA localizers 
B) localicodes 
C) zip-codes 
D) ziptrons 
E) zaptronics

Question 10

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

Accepted Answer

A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
A) the single transcription factor bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
B) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
C) the particular combination of transcription factors bound to its downstream regulatory elements 
D) the combination of initiation factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements 
E) the combination of translational factors bound to its upstream regulatory elements

Question 11

Which is not an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) X chromosome inactivation 
B) histone methylation patterns 
C) sequence of distal promoter elements 
D) localization of histone variant CENP-A 
E) covalent modification of DNA 
A) X chromosome inactivation 
B) histone methylation patterns 
C) sequence of distal promoter elements 
D) localization of histone variant CENP-A 
E) covalent modification of DNA

Question 12

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Accepted Answer

A) lenghtened 5' UTRs 
B) lenghtened poly(
A) tails 
C) shortened poly(
A) tails 
D) many lipids associated with them 
E) shortened 5' UTRs 
A) lenghtened 5' UTRs 
B) lenghtened poly(
A) tails 
C) shortened poly(
A) tails 
D) many lipids associated with them 
E) shortened 5' UTRs

Question 13

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) addition,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
B) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of translation 
C) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
D) removal,methyl groups,initiation of transcription 
E) addition,methyl groups,initiation of translation 
A) addition,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
B) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of translation 
C) removal,acetyl groups,initiation of transcription 
D) removal,methyl groups,initiation of transcription 
E) addition,methyl groups,initiation of translation

Question 14

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

Accepted Answer

A) possession of large numbers of hydrophobic amino acids 
B) possession of one or two short stretches of negatively charged amino acids 
C) possession of one or two short stretches of positively charged amino acids 
D) twisted backbones 
E) double helical regions 
A) possession of large numbers of hydrophobic amino acids 
B) possession of one or two short stretches of negatively charged amino acids 
C) possession of one or two short stretches of positively charged amino acids 
D) twisted backbones 
E) double helical regions

Question 15

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

Accepted Answer

A) glycine 
B) leucine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) lysine 
A) glycine 
B) leucine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) lysine

Question 16

The combination of a basic stretch of amino acids and a leucine zipper is known as a(n)_____ motif.

Accepted Answer

A) bHLH 
B) bZip 
C) acidic zipper 
D) basic zipper 
E) basido zipper 
A) bHLH 
B) bZip 
C) acidic zipper 
D) basic zipper 
E) basido zipper

Question 17

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

Accepted Answer

A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes 
A) the operator 
B) the terminator 
C) the promoter 
D) the repressor 
E) the structural genes

Question 18

Genes are physically moved to sites within the nucleus called _________,where the transcription machinery is concentrated and within which genes involved in the same response tend to become colocalized.

Accepted Answer

A) transcription homes 
B) transcription sites 
C) transcription factories 
D) translation factories 
E) nucleosynthetic locales 
A) transcription homes 
B) transcription sites 
C) transcription factories 
D) translation factories 
E) nucleosynthetic locales

Question 19

What do studies of identical twins reveal about epigenetic variation?

Accepted Answer

Differences in physical appearance,disea

Question 20

When histone deacetylase proteins (HDACs)are recruited to a genetic locus,what events are likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

A) histone and/or DNA methylation 
B) transcriptional activation 
C) transcriptional repression 
D) a and b 
E) a and c 
A) histone and/or DNA methylation 
B) transcriptional activation 
C) transcriptional repression 
D) a and b 
E) a and c

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

Which of the following words or phrases does not accurately describe the contents of the nucleus?

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

The operator __________.

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

The localization of mRNAs is mediated by specific proteins that recognize mRNA localization sequences on the mRNAs.What name has been given to these sequences?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

Which is not an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Evidence suggests that _ of from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate ________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

The combination of a basic stretch of amino acids and a leucine zipper is known as a(n)_____ motif.

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

Genes are physically moved to sites within the nucleus called _________,where the transcription machinery is concentrated and within which genes involved in the same response tend to become colocalized.

What do studies of identical twins reveal about epigenetic variation?

When histone deacetylase proteins (HDACs)are recruited to a genetic locus,what events are likely to happen?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 12: Control of Gene Expression

Why does the activation of a protein kinase that acts on initiation factor eIF2 block protein synthesis?

What distinguishes the regulatory,noncoding RNA that is suspected of being responsible for X chromosome inactivation from other noncoding RNA molecules?

Which of the following words or phrases does not accurately describe the contents of the nucleus?

Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms?

The operator __________.

What evidence suggests that RNAi plays a role in heterochromatization?

Which of the following is not a transcription factor identified as important for maintaining pluripotency in ES cells?

The localization of mRNAs is mediated by specific proteins that recognize mRNA localization sequences on the mRNAs.What name has been given to these sequences?

The extent to which a given gene is transcribed presumably depends upon __________.

Which is not an example of an epigenetic phenomenon?

The inactive mRNAs that are stored in an egg prior to fertilization typically have ________.

Evidence suggests that _____ of ______ from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate __________ within the internal coding region of a gene.

Which of the traits below is characteristic of the classical nuclear localization signals?

To which amino acid is the first ubiquitin on a polyubiquitinated protein attached?

The combination of a basic stretch of amino acids and a leucine zipper is known as a(n)_____ motif.

What is a regulatory protein for a gene? It binds to specific DNA sequences with high affinity and plays a predominant role in determining if a genome segment is transcribed or not.

Genes are physically moved to sites within the nucleus called _________,where the transcription machinery is concentrated and within which genes involved in the same response tend to become colocalized.

What do studies of identical twins reveal about epigenetic variation?

When histone deacetylase proteins (HDACs)are recruited to a genetic locus,what events are likely to happen?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Evidence suggests that _ of from nucleosomes in the wake of an elongating RNA polymerase prevents the inappropriate ________ within the internal coding region of a gene.