Exam 4: Data Collection and Sampling

In a(n) ____________________ study, there is no attempt to control factors that might influence the variable of interest.

A cluster sample occurs when you randomly select groups, and for each group selected, you sample every single member of that group.

Which of the following types of samples should not be used to make good statistical inferences from a sample to a population?

A marketing research firm selects a random sample of adults and asks them a list of questions regarding their beverage preferences. What type of data collection is involved here?

List one advantage and one disadvantage of a personal interview as a method of data collection.

Which method of data collection is involved when a researcher counts and records the number of students wearing backpacks on campus in a given day?

Soft Drink: A soft drink manufacturer has been supplying its products in bottles to grocery stores and in cans to small convenience stores. The company is analyzing sales of this product to determine which type of packaging is preferred by customers. -Is this study observational or experimental? Explain.

Which of the following types of samples is almost always biased?

Proper interviewer training helps to reduce ____________________ error.

Self-selected samples have no bias because they are chosen by the people themselves.

____________________ error refers to differences between the sample and the population.

In designing a survey, demographic questions must be avoided.

Sampling error is the result of a mistake made during the sampling process.

Gender, occupation, and age are all examples of ____________________ variables.

Briefly discuss three methods of conducting a survey of people.

The personnel director at a large company studied the eating habits of the company's employees. The director watched and recorded whether each employee brought his/her own lunch to work, ate at the company cafeteria, or went out to lunch. What method of data collection was used here?

A survey is an example of a(n) ____________________ study.

The response rate of a survey is the proportion of all people who were selected but did not complete the survey.

Cluster samples typically cost less but they also increase sampling error.

The ____________________ rate is the proportion of people in the sample who completed the survey.