Exam 7: Learning

Extinction occurs when a ________ is no longer paired with a ________.

Because of the discomfort and embarrassment associated with his childhood bed-wetting, Andrew becomes nervous whenever he senses an urge to urinate. If genital arousal subsequently makes Andrew unusually anxious, this would best illustrate

A child learns to stop fighting with his brother when the fight leads to suspension of the child's TV-viewing privileges. In this case, the suspension of TV-viewing privileges is a

B. F. Skinner believed that teaching machines could promote effective learning because they allow for both

In which of the following may classical conditioning play a role?

Positive punishment ________ the rate of operant responding, and negative punishment ________ the rate of operant responding.

In distinguishing between negative reinforcers and punishment, we note that

Learning by imitating others' behaviors is called ________ learning. The researcher best known for studying this type of learning is ________.

Toddlers taught to fear moving cars may also begin to fear moving trucks and motorcycles. This best illustrates

Respondent behavior is a(n) ________ response, whereas operant behavior is a(n) ________ response.

Our ability to learn by witnessing the behavior of others best illustrates

Intermittent reinforcement is associated with ________ acquisition and ________ extinction than continuous reinforcement.

According to B. F. Skinner, human behavior is controlled primarily by

It has been suggested that ________ are activated when a monkey moves a peanut into its own mouth and when a monkey simply observes other monkeys move a peanut into their mouths.

An animal trainer is teaching a miniature poodle to balance on a ball. Initially, he gives the poodle a treat for approaching the ball, then only for placing its front paws on the ball, and finally only for climbing on the ball. The trainer is using the method of

Mirror neurons are believed by some scientists to provide a biological basis for

Children of abusive parents often learn to be aggressive by imitating their parents. This illustrates the importance of

The reappearance, after a time lapse, of an extinguished CR is called

The "piecework," or commission, method of payment is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, a CR was