Exam 7: Learning

After one chimpanzee sees a second chimp open a box that contains a food reward, the first animal opens a similar box with great speed. This best illustrates

In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, the CS was

Any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response is called a(n)

Without conscious reflection, people often yawn when they observe others yawning. Researchers are now considering whether this can be attributed to

A variable-interval schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Most researchers who have examined the effects of viewing televised aggression conclude that

Mr. Byrne can't understand why scolding his seventh-grade students for disruptive classroom behaviors makes them more unruly. Explain Mr. Byrne's predicament in terms of operant conditioning principles. Show how he could use operant conditioning techniques to (a) reduce disruptive behaviors and (b) increase cooperative behaviors.

The more often Matthew is scolded following a temper tantrum, the more frequently he loses his temper. In this case, the scolding serves as a ________ for Matthew's temper tantrums.

Leon's psychology instructor has scheduled an exam every third week of the term. Leon will probably study the most just before an exam and the least just after an exam. This is because the schedule of exams is reinforcing studying according to which schedule?

Which of the following is the best example of a conditioned reinforcer?

Which of the following statements concerning reinforcement is correct?

If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels, they will repeat the trick in anticipation of more attention. This best illustrates

A variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Through direct experience with animals, we come to anticipate that dogs will bark and that birds will chirp. This best illustrates

Classical conditioning occurs most rapidly when the learner perceives the ________ to cause the ________.

A fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

After receiving a painful shot from a female nurse in a white uniform, 3-year-old Vaclav is fearful of any woman wearing a white dress. Vaclav's reaction best illustrates

Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races. This best illustrates the effects of

Animals tend to revert from newly learned habits to their biologically predisposed behaviors. This is an example of

Jacqueline is sexually aroused by the sight of her handsome boyfriend but not by the sight of her equally handsome brother. This best illustrates the value of