Question 1

Research on laboratory dilemmas reveals that cooperation is facilitated if

Accepted Answer

A) one person is 100% cooperative. 
B) the opponents can communicate with one another. 
C) the game is changed into a zero-sum game. 
D) the size of the payoffs is increased. 
A) one person is 100% cooperative. 
B) the opponents can communicate with one another. 
C) the game is changed into a zero-sum game. 
D) the size of the payoffs is increased.

Question 2

The misperceptions of those who are in conflict with each other,such as two nations who regard each other with suspicion and hostility,are usually

Accepted Answer

A) nonreciprocal. 
B) unilateral. 
C) mutual. 
D) inequitable. 
A) nonreciprocal. 
B) unilateral. 
C) mutual. 
D) inequitable.

Question 3

Conflict is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. 
B) dissatisfaction with relationship outcomes. 
C) hostility that results from frustrating interaction. 
D) competition for mutually exclusive goals. 
A) perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. 
B) dissatisfaction with relationship outcomes. 
C) hostility that results from frustrating interaction. 
D) competition for mutually exclusive goals.

Question 4

One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to

Accepted Answer

A) exaggerate their differences from their adversaries. 
B) see itself reflected in the way others see it. 
C) see the situation as the reflection of an evil situation. 
D) agree with the other side. 
A) exaggerate their differences from their adversaries. 
B) see itself reflected in the way others see it. 
C) see the situation as the reflection of an evil situation. 
D) agree with the other side.

Question 5

The smaller the commons,the more

Accepted Answer

A) responsibility each person feels for it. 
B) intense the conflict among individual members. 
C) apathetic people are about its preservation. 
D) the more likely communication will take the form of intimidation and deception. 
A) responsibility each person feels for it. 
B) intense the conflict among individual members. 
C) apathetic people are about its preservation. 
D) the more likely communication will take the form of intimidation and deception.

Question 6

Which one of the following is NOT one of the seeds of misperception according to your text?

Accepted Answer

A) the self-serving bias 
B) reduced competition 
C) the fundamental attribution error 
D) groupthink 
A) the self-serving bias 
B) reduced competition 
C) the fundamental attribution error 
D) groupthink

Question 7

In a non-zero-sum game

Accepted Answer

A) both can win and both can lose. 
B) one side wins and the other loses. 
C) one's gains equal another's losses. 
D) altruistic motives dominate. 
A) both can win and both can lose. 
B) one side wins and the other loses. 
C) one's gains equal another's losses. 
D) altruistic motives dominate.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A) One party's wins necessarily equals the other party's losses. 
B) Participants tend to commit the fundamental attribution error. 
C) Participants' motives change in the course of the entrapment. 
D) Both are non-zero-sum games. 
A) One party's wins necessarily equals the other party's losses. 
B) Participants tend to commit the fundamental attribution error. 
C) Participants' motives change in the course of the entrapment. 
D) Both are non-zero-sum games.

Question 9

Equity exists when

Accepted Answer

A) rewards are distributed in proportion to individuals' contributions. 
B) partners share equally in the rewards of collective effort. 
C) rewards are distributed in relation to individuals' needs or deservingness. 
D) group members decide among themselves how rewards should be distributed. 
A) rewards are distributed in proportion to individuals' contributions. 
B) partners share equally in the rewards of collective effort. 
C) rewards are distributed in relation to individuals' needs or deservingness. 
D) group members decide among themselves how rewards should be distributed.

Question 10

Attempting to explain other's behavior dispositionally is a characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A) the Prisoner's Dilemma. 
B) the Commons Dilemma. 
C) both dilemmas. 
D) neither dilemma. 
A) the Prisoner's Dilemma. 
B) the Commons Dilemma. 
C) both dilemmas. 
D) neither dilemma.

Question 11

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A) mirror-image perceptions. 
B) individualistic calamity. 
C) the tragedy of the commons. 
D) rational disaster. 
A) mirror-image perceptions. 
B) individualistic calamity. 
C) the tragedy of the commons. 
D) rational disaster.

Question 12

Rodney and Ralph are twin brothers who each contributed $75 to purchase a new bicycle.Rodney rides it 75% of the time.This would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) an inequitable relationship. 
B) the tragedy of the commons. 
C) a zero-sum relationship. 
D) mirror-image perceptions. 
A) an inequitable relationship. 
B) the tragedy of the commons. 
C) a zero-sum relationship. 
D) mirror-image perceptions.

Question 13

In Sherif's research,the camper groups became hostile towards each other when

Accepted Answer

A) they learned of the other group's existence. 
B) the two groups first met. 
C) when competition between the groups was introduced. 
D) when competition between the groups ended. 
A) they learned of the other group's existence. 
B) the two groups first met. 
C) when competition between the groups was introduced. 
D) when competition between the groups ended.

Question 14

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _______ and others' behavior _______.

Accepted Answer

A) situationally;situationally 
B) dispositionally;dispositionally 
C) situationally;dispositionally 
D) dispositionally;situationally 
A) situationally;situationally 
B) dispositionally;dispositionally 
C) situationally;dispositionally 
D) dispositionally;situationally

Question 15

Facing the recurring dilemma of cookie-jar depletion within 24-hours of its being re-stocked,Mom and Dad decide to do something.What strategy will be most effective?

Accepted Answer

A) Do not allow family members to talk to one another about how many cookies they eat. 
B) Restrict each family member to just two cookies per day. 
C) Stop buying cookies. 
D) Call a family meeting and scold everyone for eating too many cookies. 
A) Do not allow family members to talk to one another about how many cookies they eat. 
B) Restrict each family member to just two cookies per day. 
C) Stop buying cookies. 
D) Call a family meeting and scold everyone for eating too many cookies.

Question 16

Compare and contrast the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Tragedy of the Commons.

Accepted Answer

The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Tragedy o

Question 17

In real life,which of the following parallels the tragedy of the commons?

Accepted Answer

A) pollution of rivers and streams 
B) gun control 
C) the death penalty 
D) online auctions 
A) pollution of rivers and streams 
B) gun control 
C) the death penalty 
D) online auctions

Question 18

gave Japanese students opportunities to harvest trees in a simulated forest for money.When the students equally shared the costs of planting the forest,the result was that

Accepted Answer

A) most of the trees were left to grow too tall for harvesting because the students bickered about the criterion to be used in sharing profits. 
B) most of the trees were harvested before they had grown to the most profitable size. 
C) none of the trees were harvested because the collectivist students did not want to be the first to ask for his or her share. 
D) students made maximum profit not only for themselves individually but for the group. 
A) most of the trees were left to grow too tall for harvesting because the students bickered about the criterion to be used in sharing profits. 
B) most of the trees were harvested before they had grown to the most profitable size. 
C) none of the trees were harvested because the collectivist students did not want to be the first to ask for his or her share. 
D) students made maximum profit not only for themselves individually but for the group.

Question 19

Which of the following is cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A) communication 
B) punishment 
C) increasing group size 
D) competition 
A) communication 
B) punishment 
C) increasing group size 
D) competition

Question 20

Which one of the following is an example of a non-zero-sum game?

Accepted Answer

A) the Prisoner's Dilemma 
B) the Commons Dilemma 
C) both the Prisoner's and the Commons Dilemmas 
D) neither the Prisoner's nor the Commons Dilemmas 
A) the Prisoner's Dilemma 
B) the Commons Dilemma 
C) both the Prisoner's and the Commons Dilemmas 
D) neither the Prisoner's nor the Commons Dilemmas

Exam 28: Causes of Conflict

Research on laboratory dilemmas reveals that cooperation is facilitated if

The misperceptions of those who are in conflict with each other,such as two nations who regard each other with suspicion and hostility,are usually

Conflict is defined as

One aspect of mirror-image perception is that one side tends to

The smaller the commons,the more

Which one of the following is NOT one of the seeds of misperception according to your text?

In a non-zero-sum game

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma?

Equity exists when

Attempting to explain other's behavior dispositionally is a characteristic of

Despite official government warnings of a severe water shortage,most citizens fail to conserve in the belief that their personal water consumption will have little effect on the community's total water supply.The eventual depletion of the community's water resources provides an example of

Rodney and Ralph are twin brothers who each contributed $75 to purchase a new bicycle.Rodney rides it 75% of the time.This would be an example of

In Sherif's research,the camper groups became hostile towards each other when

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _______ and others' behavior _______.

Facing the recurring dilemma of cookie-jar depletion within 24-hours of its being re-stocked,Mom and Dad decide to do something.What strategy will be most effective?

Compare and contrast the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Tragedy of the Commons.

In real life,which of the following parallels the tragedy of the commons?

gave Japanese students opportunities to harvest trees in a simulated forest for money.When the students equally shared the costs of planting the forest,the result was that

Which of the following is cited in the text as a method for resolving social dilemmas?

Which one of the following is an example of a non-zero-sum game?

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept: Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

The Power of Positive Thinking

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition

Clinical Therapy: the Powers of Social Cognition

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender, Genes, and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Indoctrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Does the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Filters

In both the Prisoner's Dilemma and the Commons Dilemma,people are tempted to explain their own behavior _ and others' behavior _.