Question 1

What are the three different RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, and what types of genes do they transcribe?

Accepted Answer

(1)RNA polymerase I transcribes large rRNA. (2)RNA polymerase II transcribes pre-mRNA, some snRNA, snoRNAs, some miRNAs. (3)RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, small rRNA, some snRNAs, and some miRNAs.

Question 2

What would you add to an in vitro transcription system that contains an E.coli gene in order to get transcription that begins from the normal transcription start site?

Accepted Answer

(1)RNA polymerase (2)Sigma factor (3)Ribonucleoside triphosphates with A, C, G, and U bases (rNTPs)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT necessary for RNA polymerase to recognize the promoter of a bacterial gene?

Accepted Answer

A) Sigma factor 
B) Origin of replication 
C) -10 consensus sequence 
D) -35 consensus sequence 
A) Sigma factor 
B) Origin of replication 
C) -10 consensus sequence 
D) -35 consensus sequence B

Question 4

Which of the following is a sequence of DNA where transcription is initiated?

Accepted Answer

A) Hairpin loop 
B) Terminator 
C) Initiator 
D) Sigma factor 
E) Promoter 
A) Hairpin loop 
B) Terminator 
C) Initiator 
D) Sigma factor 
E) Promoter

Question 5

Which process is illustrated in the diagram below?

Accepted Answer

A) Transcription 
B) Translation 
C) RNA processing 
D) Replication 
E) Nucleosome assembly 
A) Transcription 
B) Translation 
C) RNA processing 
D) Replication 
E) Nucleosome assembly

Question 6

Whereas the nucleotide strand used for transcription is termed the _____, the nontranscribed strand is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) promoter; terminator 
B) terminator; promoter 
C) transcription apparatus; TATA box 
D) template strand; nontemplate strand 
E) nontemplate strand; template strand 
A) promoter; terminator 
B) terminator; promoter 
C) transcription apparatus; TATA box 
D) template strand; nontemplate strand 
E) nontemplate strand; template strand

Question 7

If the following DNA strand were used as a template, what would the sequence of an RNA be? 5' GTACCGTC 3'

Accepted Answer

A) 5'GUACCGUC 3' 
B) 5'GACGGTAC 3' 
C) 5' CAUGGCAG 3' 
D) 5' GACGGUAC 3' 
E) 5' GUCGGUAC 3' 
A) 5'GUACCGUC 3' 
B) 5'GACGGTAC 3' 
C) 5' CAUGGCAG 3' 
D) 5' GACGGUAC 3' 
E) 5' GUCGGUAC 3'

Question 8

Which mechanism allows for more than one polypeptide to be encoded by a single gene?

Accepted Answer

A) Regulated transcription 
B) RNA interference 
C) Alternative RNA processing 
D) Self-splicing of introns 
E) RNA methylation 
A) Regulated transcription 
B) RNA interference 
C) Alternative RNA processing 
D) Self-splicing of introns 
E) RNA methylation

Question 9

What types of bonds are created between nucleotides during the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) Ionic 
B) Oxygen 
C) Phosphodiester 
D) Hydrogen 
E) Both phosphodiester and hydrogen are correct. 
A) Ionic 
B) Oxygen 
C) Phosphodiester 
D) Hydrogen 
E) Both phosphodiester and hydrogen are correct.

Question 10

Scientists once believed that each gene can encode a single polypeptide.We now know that _____ and _____ allow a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide.

Accepted Answer

A) transcription; translation 
B) polyadenylation; RNA transport 
C) DNA methylation; chromatin condensation 
D) alternative processing; RNA editing 
E) gene silencing; RNA interference 
A) transcription; translation 
B) polyadenylation; RNA transport 
C) DNA methylation; chromatin condensation 
D) alternative processing; RNA editing 
E) gene silencing; RNA interference

Question 11

Anticodons are found on _____ molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) snRNA 
E) miRNA 
A) mRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) snRNA 
E) miRNA

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT required for transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) Ribonucleotides 
B) RNA primers 
C) DNA template 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) Promoter 
A) Ribonucleotides 
B) RNA primers 
C) DNA template 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) Promoter

Question 13

The 5' cap on an mRNA is important for all the processes listed below EXCEPT for the _____ of an mRNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) transcription 
B) intron removal 
C) stability 
D) initiation of translation 
A) transcription 
B) intron removal 
C) stability 
D) initiation of translation

Question 14

Which of the following small RNA types is unique to prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) siRNA 
B) crRNA 
C) miRNA 
D) piRNA 
E) lncRNA 
A) siRNA 
B) crRNA 
C) miRNA 
D) piRNA 
E) lncRNA

Question 15

Which of the following statements about bacterial mRNA transcript is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Unlike eukaryotes, bacterial mRNA transcripts do not typically contain untranslated regions. 
B) The Shine-Dalgarno box associates with an RNA component in the ribosomes. 
C) Transcription and translation take place sequentially in bacterial cells. 
D) Most bacterial genes contain a large number of introns and small number of exons. 
E) The 5' end and 3' end of mRNA transcripts are modified in bacteria. 
A) Unlike eukaryotes, bacterial mRNA transcripts do not typically contain untranslated regions. 
B) The Shine-Dalgarno box associates with an RNA component in the ribosomes. 
C) Transcription and translation take place sequentially in bacterial cells. 
D) Most bacterial genes contain a large number of introns and small number of exons. 
E) The 5' end and 3' end of mRNA transcripts are modified in bacteria.

Question 16

In prokaryotic RNA polymerases, the holoenzyme consists of the core enzyme and the:

Accepted Answer

A) rho factor. 
B) TFIID. 
C) TBP. 
D) omega subunit. 
E) sigma factor. 
A) rho factor. 
B) TFIID. 
C) TBP. 
D) omega subunit. 
E) sigma factor.

Question 17

When does sigma factor normally dissociate from RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A) After transcription has terminated 
B) After the process of initiation 
C) After the addition of nucleosomes 
D) After the binding of rho 
E) Following the addition of nucleosomes 
A) After transcription has terminated 
B) After the process of initiation 
C) After the addition of nucleosomes 
D) After the binding of rho 
E) Following the addition of nucleosomes

Question 18

Which of the following RNA molecules are required for the process of translation?

Accepted Answer

A) crRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) snRNA 
D) miRNA 
E) siRNA 
A) crRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) snRNA 
D) miRNA 
E) siRNA

Question 19

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding transcription in most organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) All genes are transcribed from the same strand of DNA. 
B) Both DNA strands are used to transcribe a single gene. 
C) Different genes may be transcribed from different strands of DNA. 
D) The DNA template strand is used to encode double-stranded RNA. 
E) The DNA nontemplate strand is used to encode single-stranded RNA. 
A) All genes are transcribed from the same strand of DNA. 
B) Both DNA strands are used to transcribe a single gene. 
C) Different genes may be transcribed from different strands of DNA. 
D) The DNA template strand is used to encode double-stranded RNA. 
E) The DNA nontemplate strand is used to encode single-stranded RNA.

Question 20

Where are promoters usually located?

Accepted Answer

A) Upstream of the start site 
B) Downstream of the start site 
C) Near nucleotide +25 
D) Near the hairpin loop 
E) Downstream of the terminator 
A) Upstream of the start site 
B) Downstream of the start site 
C) Near nucleotide +25 
D) Near the hairpin loop 
E) Downstream of the terminator

What are the three different RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, and what types of genes do they transcribe?

What would you add to an in vitro transcription system that contains an E.coli gene in order to get transcription that begins from the normal transcription start site?

Which of the following is NOT necessary for RNA polymerase to recognize the promoter of a bacterial gene?

Which of the following is a sequence of DNA where transcription is initiated?

Which process is illustrated in the diagram below?

Whereas the nucleotide strand used for transcription is termed the _, the nontranscribed strand is called the _.

If the following DNA strand were used as a template, what would the sequence of an RNA be? 5' GTACCGTC 3'

Which mechanism allows for more than one polypeptide to be encoded by a single gene?

What types of bonds are created between nucleotides during the process of transcription?

Scientists once believed that each gene can encode a single polypeptide.We now know that _ and _ allow a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide.

Anticodons are found on _____ molecules.

Which of the following is NOT required for transcription?

The 5' cap on an mRNA is important for all the processes listed below EXCEPT for the _____ of an mRNA molecule.

Which of the following small RNA types is unique to prokaryotes?

Which of the following statements about bacterial mRNA transcript is TRUE?

In prokaryotic RNA polymerases, the holoenzyme consists of the core enzyme and the:

When does sigma factor normally dissociate from RNA polymerase?

Which of the following RNA molecules are required for the process of translation?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding transcription in most organisms?

Where are promoters usually located?

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction

Basic Principles of Heredity

Sex Determination and Sex-Linked Characteristics

Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping

Chromosome Variation

Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems

DNA- the Chemical Nature of the Gene

DNA Replication and Recombination

From DNA to Protein- Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and Dna Repair

Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology

Genomics and Proteomics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

Filters

Exam 10: From DNA to Proteins- Transcription and Rna Processing

What are the three different RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, and what types of genes do they transcribe?

What would you add to an in vitro transcription system that contains an E.coli gene in order to get transcription that begins from the normal transcription start site?

Which of the following is NOT necessary for RNA polymerase to recognize the promoter of a bacterial gene?

Which of the following is a sequence of DNA where transcription is initiated?

Which process is illustrated in the diagram below?

Whereas the nucleotide strand used for transcription is termed the _____, the nontranscribed strand is called the _____.

If the following DNA strand were used as a template, what would the sequence of an RNA be? 5' GTACCGTC 3'

Which mechanism allows for more than one polypeptide to be encoded by a single gene?

What types of bonds are created between nucleotides during the process of transcription?

Scientists once believed that each gene can encode a single polypeptide.We now know that _____ and _____ allow a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide.

Anticodons are found on _____ molecules.

Which of the following is NOT required for transcription?

The 5' cap on an mRNA is important for all the processes listed below EXCEPT for the _____ of an mRNA molecule.

Which of the following small RNA types is unique to prokaryotes?

Which of the following statements about bacterial mRNA transcript is TRUE?

In prokaryotic RNA polymerases, the holoenzyme consists of the core enzyme and the:

When does sigma factor normally dissociate from RNA polymerase?

Which of the following RNA molecules are required for the process of translation?

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding transcription in most organisms?

Where are promoters usually located?

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Cellular Reproduction

Basic Principles of Heredity

Sex Determination and Sex-Linked Characteristics

Linkage, Recombination, and Eukaryotic Gene Mapping

Chromosome Variation

Bacterial and Viral Genetic Systems

DNA- the Chemical Nature of the Gene

DNA Replication and Recombination

From DNA to Protein- Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Gene Mutations, Transposable Elements, and Dna Repair

Molecular Genetic Analysis and Biotechnology

Genomics and Proteomics

Cancer Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

Filters

Whereas the nucleotide strand used for transcription is termed the _, the nontranscribed strand is called the _.

Scientists once believed that each gene can encode a single polypeptide.We now know that _ and _ allow a single gene to encode more than one polypeptide.