Question 1

________ is the degree to which a person's reasons for pursuing a goal is consistent with the person's interests and core values.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-imposition of goals 
B)  The nAch 
C)  Self-determination 
D)  Extrinsic motivation 
E)  Self-concordance 
A)  Self-imposition of goals 
B)  The nAch 
C)  Self-determination 
D)  Extrinsic motivation 
E)  Self-concordance

Question 2

Which theory is, strictly speaking, not a theory of motivation since it does not concern itself with what initiates behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  equity theory 
B)  expectancy theory 
C)  ERG theory 
D)  reinforcement theory 
E)  Theory X and Theory Y 
A)  equity theory 
B)  expectancy theory 
C)  ERG theory 
D)  reinforcement theory 
E)  Theory X and Theory Y

Question 3

A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dislike work 
B)  need to be controlled 
C)  avoid responsibility 
D)  exercise self direction 
E)  attempt to avoid work 
A)  dislike work 
B)  need to be controlled 
C)  avoid responsibility 
D)  exercise self direction 
E)  attempt to avoid work

Question 4

In equity theory, individuals assess the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cost-benefit ratio 
B)  efficiency-effectiveness trade-off 
C)  quantity-quality trade-off 
D)  outcome-input ratio 
E)  efficient outcome 
A)  cost-benefit ratio 
B)  efficiency-effectiveness trade-off 
C)  quantity-quality trade-off 
D)  outcome-input ratio 
E)  efficient outcome

Question 5

Tony loves programming. He was on the ground level of the computer revolution. This year his boss has set personal goals for each of the programmers, one of which includes a presentation from each programmer about a project. Tony is very annoyed because he has a tremendous amount of work to do and he'll have to spend the weekend, his personal time, preparing the presentation. Taking into account self-determination theory, why did his boss' goals and the presentation reduce Tony's motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The externally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to increase. 
B)  The internally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer. 
C)  The self-imposed goal increases his sense of competence, causing the intrinsic motivation to suffer. 
D)  The externally imposed goal is an external reward, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to increase. 
E)  The externally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer. 
A)  The externally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to increase. 
B)  The internally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer. 
C)  The self-imposed goal increases his sense of competence, causing the intrinsic motivation to suffer. 
D)  The externally imposed goal is an external reward, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to increase. 
E)  The externally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer.

Question 6

Who sets MBO objectives?

Accepted Answer

A)  the boss 
B)  the boss and immediate subordinates 
C)  they are set jointly by superior and subordinate 
D)  the employees performing the task in question 
E)  each working division in cooperation with management 
A)  the boss 
B)  the boss and immediate subordinates 
C)  they are set jointly by superior and subordinate 
D)  the employees performing the task in question 
E)  each working division in cooperation with management

Question 7

How do proponents of reinforcement theory view behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  as the result of a cognitive process 
B)  as environmentally caused 
C)  as a reflection of the inner state of the individual 
D)  as a function of one's power need 
E)  as a product of heredity 
A)  as the result of a cognitive process 
B)  as environmentally caused 
C)  as a reflection of the inner state of the individual 
D)  as a function of one's power need 
E)  as a product of heredity

Question 8

According to Maslow, a need that is essentially satisfied no longer motivates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

You manage a department of five employees. You have identified that Joe scores high in the need for achievement, Mary scores high in the need for power, and Tim scores high in the need for affiliation. Sarah scored high in the need for power and low in the need for affiliation. Doug scores low in both need for power and need for affiliation.
-Which employee would be best suited as a mentor to new employees with a chance to develop friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joe 
B)  Mary 
C)  Tim 
D)  Sarah 
E)  Doug 
A)  Joe 
B)  Mary 
C)  Tim 
D)  Sarah 
E)  Doug

Question 10

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Accepted Answer

Employees make comparisons of their job

Question 11

Which of the following motivation concepts clearly has an American bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  need for power 
B)  need for affiliation 
C)  need for achievement 
D)  social needs 
E)  need for association 
A)  need for power 
B)  need for affiliation 
C)  need for achievement 
D)  social needs 
E)  need for association

Question 12

Jasmine is trying to gain control of her department. Although she will be greatly compensated if she achieves this aim and will gain control over many subordinates, the main reason she is pursuing this position is that she thinks she can do the job better than her predecessors and wants people to know that this is so. What need would McClelland say primarily drives Jasmine in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for control 
B)  the need for achievement 
C)  the need for attainment 
D)  the need for influence 
E)  the need for power 
A)  the need for control 
B)  the need for achievement 
C)  the need for attainment 
D)  the need for influence 
E)  the need for power

Question 13

Equity theory proposes that equity tension is the negative tension state which provides the motivation to do something to correct it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If an employee believes that no matter how hard he works, his boss will give him the same performance evaluation as last year and the year before, it is the ________ relationship that explains his lack of motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  rewards-personal goals 
B)  effort-performance 
C)  performance-reward 
D)  rewards-effort 
E)  performance-achievement 
A)  rewards-personal goals 
B)  effort-performance 
C)  performance-reward 
D)  rewards-effort 
E)  performance-achievement

Question 15

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

Accepted Answer

A)  impossible but inspirational 
B)  difficult but attainable 
C)  slightly beyond a person's actual potential 
D)  only marginally challenging 
E)  easily attained 
A)  impossible but inspirational 
B)  difficult but attainable 
C)  slightly beyond a person's actual potential 
D)  only marginally challenging 
E)  easily attained

Question 16

What theory attempts to measure the strength of one's expectations and predict motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy theory 
B)  equity theory 
C)  goal setting theory 
D)  ERG theory 
E)  Surberist theory 
A)  expectancy theory 
B)  equity theory 
C)  goal setting theory 
D)  ERG theory 
E)  Surberist theory

Question 17

Theory X assumes that human beings are inherently good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not a predictable choice when employees perceive an inequity?

Accepted Answer

A)  change their inputs 
B)  change their outcomes 
C)  choose a different referent 
D)  acquire more tenure 
E)  leave the field 
A)  change their inputs 
B)  change their outcomes 
C)  choose a different referent 
D)  acquire more tenure 
E)  leave the field

Question 19

Some MBO programs fail to live up to expectations. Which of the following is not a common reason that MBO programs fail?

Accepted Answer

A)  They allow lower-unit managers to participate in setting their own goals. 
B)  There are cultural incompatibilities. 
C)  There are unrealistic expectations regarding results. 
D)  There is a lack of commitment by top management. 
E)  There is an unwillingness or inability by management to reward goal accomplishment. 
A)  They allow lower-unit managers to participate in setting their own goals. 
B)  There are cultural incompatibilities. 
C)  There are unrealistic expectations regarding results. 
D)  There is a lack of commitment by top management. 
E)  There is an unwillingness or inability by management to reward goal accomplishment.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a comparison an employee can use in equity theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-inside 
B)  self-goal 
C)  other-outside 
D)  self-outside 
E)  other-inside 
A)  self-inside 
B)  self-goal 
C)  other-outside 
D)  self-outside 
E)  other-inside

________ is the degree to which a person's reasons for pursuing a goal is consistent with the person's interests and core values.

Which theory is, strictly speaking, not a theory of motivation since it does not concern itself with what initiates behavior?

A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would ________.

In equity theory, individuals assess the ________.

Who sets MBO objectives?

How do proponents of reinforcement theory view behavior?

According to Maslow, a need that is essentially satisfied no longer motivates.

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Which of the following motivation concepts clearly has an American bias?

Equity theory proposes that equity tension is the negative tension state which provides the motivation to do something to correct it.

If an employee believes that no matter how hard he works, his boss will give him the same performance evaluation as last year and the year before, it is the ________ relationship that explains his lack of motivation.

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

What theory attempts to measure the strength of one's expectations and predict motivation?

Theory X assumes that human beings are inherently good.

Which of the following is not a predictable choice when employees perceive an inequity?

Some MBO programs fail to live up to expectations. Which of the following is not a common reason that MBO programs fail?

Which of the following is not a comparison an employee can use in equity theory?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Foundations of Individual Behavior

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation: From Concept to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Basic Approaches to Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters

Exam 7: Basic Motivation Concepts

________ is the degree to which a person's reasons for pursuing a goal is consistent with the person's interests and core values.

Which theory is, strictly speaking, not a theory of motivation since it does not concern itself with what initiates behavior?

A Theory Y manager would assume that employees would ________.

In equity theory, individuals assess the ________.

Who sets MBO objectives?

How do proponents of reinforcement theory view behavior?

According to Maslow, a need that is essentially satisfied no longer motivates.

Discuss equity theory. Include the concepts of equity tension, referent comparisons, and how employees might reduce perceived inequity.

Which of the following motivation concepts clearly has an American bias?

Equity theory proposes that equity tension is the negative tension state which provides the motivation to do something to correct it.

If an employee believes that no matter how hard he works, his boss will give him the same performance evaluation as last year and the year before, it is the ________ relationship that explains his lack of motivation.

According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level?

What theory attempts to measure the strength of one's expectations and predict motivation?

Theory X assumes that human beings are inherently good.

Which of the following is not a predictable choice when employees perceive an inequity?

Some MBO programs fail to live up to expectations. Which of the following is not a common reason that MBO programs fail?

Which of the following is not a comparison an employee can use in equity theory?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Foundations of Individual Behavior

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation: From Concept to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Basic Approaches to Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices

Organizational Change and Stress Management

Filters