Exam 11: Anabolism the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

In order to form a single molecule of glucose, it takes __________ turns through the reactions of the Calvin cycle.

__________ reactions are used to replace TCA cycle intermediates that have been used to provide carbon skeletons for amino acid biosynthesis.

The major reductive amination pathway for incorporation of nitrogen into amino acids initially involves the production of __________ from alpha-ketoglutarate.

Unsaturated fatty acids are those containing __________ carbon-carbon double bond(s).

Photoautotrophs are the only organisms that can incorporate (fix) carbon dioxide into biomolecules.

Photoautotrophs use light energy directly for

There are __________ common amino acids used to synthesize proteins.

Many microbes use pyruvate carboxylase or phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase to

The reduction of sulfate for use in the production of compounds such as cysteine is called __________ sulfate reduction.

The use of compartmentation for the simultaneous but independent regulation of anabolic and catabolic pathways occurs generally in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes.

Assimilation of organic phosphates from the surroundings uses enzymes known as

Many enzyme catalyzed reactions are freely reversible; however, some key steps require separate enzymes for the reverse step in order to provide for independent regulation of anabolic and catabolic pathways.

A purine or pyrimidine that is attached to a sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, is called a

The photosynthetic production of one molecule of glucose requires __________ molecule(s) of NADPH.

Because peptidoglycan lies outside the plasma membrane, all steps in the complex synthesis process of this molecule takes place outside the cell.

Assemblies of macromolecules are referred to as __________ complexes.

Most microorganisms assimilate nitrogen as

Which of the following is true about the synthesis of macromolecules from monomeric subunits?

Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones with the input of energy is called

The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors is called