Exam 2: The Study of Microbial Structure: Microscopy and Specimen Preparation

If the decolorizer is left on too long in the Gram-staining procedure, gram-positive organisms will be stained __________ and gram-negative organisms will be stained __________.

Which of the following is considered to be a differential staining procedure?

After the decolorizer has been added, gram-positive organisms are stained __________ and gram-negative organisms are stained __________.

A 30 $\times$ objective and a 20 $\times$ ocular produce a total magnification of

The useful magnification of a light microscope is limited by the ___________ of the light source being utilized. Section 2.02

Which of these microscopes can be used to create high-resolution three-dimensional images of cells?

It is possible to build a light microscope capable of 10,000 $\times$ magnification, but the image would not be sharp because resolution is independent of magnification.

Mordants increase the binding between a stain and specimen.

In the Gram-staining procedure, the mordant is

In order to stain flagella so that they may be readily observed by light microscopy, it is usually necessary to increase their thickness.

In the Gram-staining procedure, the primary stain is

Atomic force microscopes use a scanning probe that maintains a fixed distance from the surface of the specimen. It is useful for specimens that

A microscope that exposes specimens to ultraviolet, violet, or blue light and forms an image with the light emitted at a different wavelength is called a __________ microscope.

Prior to staining, smears of microorganisms are heat-fixed in order to

An electron microscope uses __________ lenses to focus beams of electrons onto a specimen.

In the Gram-staining procedure, the decolorizer is

The designer of the first transmission electron microscope, _________________, was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in physics.

Confocal microscopes exhibit improved contrast and resolution by

A light microscope with an objective lens numerical aperture of 0.65 is capable of allowing two objects 400 nm apart to be distinguished when using light with a wavelength of 420 nm. Section 2.02

The procedure in which a single stain is used to visualize microorganisms is called __________ staining.