Exam 5: Learning

Any stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a ________.

Punishment is a(n) ________ controller of behavior.

The use of biofeedback to monitor and control brain wave activity is known as ________.

Secondary reinforcers are identical to negative reinforcers.

The idea that a behavior will increase or decrease based on the consequences that follow that behavior is crucial to ________.

Social learning theory stresses that people can reward or punish themselves.

Punishment is particularly useful in situations in which a behavior is ________ and must be changed ________.

The ability to become increasingly more effective in solving problems as more problems are solved is known as ________.

The process of learning to respond only to a single specific object or event and inhibit the response to all other stimuli is called ________.

The person most closely associated with the development of desensitization therapy is ________.

Negative reinforcement results in the extinction of previously learned behaviors.

We associate the name ________ most closely with classical conditioning.

A reinforcer that takes on its reinforcing properties only through association with other reinforcers is called a(n) ________ reinforcer.

The type of learning in which a response naturally elicited by one type of stimulus is elicited by different, formerly neutral, stimulus is called ________.

Explain what higher order conditioning is and how it works. Also, explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers.

In Bandura's classic study of children exposed to a film of an adult model hitting an inflated doll, both the children who saw the model rewarded and the children who saw the model punished ________.

Since Tolman's time, little research has been done on the nature of latent learning.

Which of the following statements is true?

A person originally feared great heights such as standing on top of tall buildings. Now the person has also developed fears of flying in airplanes, standing on ladders, and even watching high-wire artists perform. These new fears are probably the result of ________.

Vicarious learning is another term for ________.