Exam 5: Learning

Gloria, the star in the school play, must cry when her "father" tells her to leave home. During rehearsal, Gloria holds an onion near her eyes when her "father" tells her to leave. The onion serves as the ________ while being told to "leave home" is the ________.

An originally neutral stimulus that is paired with an unconditioned stimulus and eventually produces the desired response when presented alone is a(n) ________.

In the experiment with Little Albert, the unconditioned response was fear of the ________.

An animal is placed in a box with a bar and also a wire floor that can deliver a mild shock. The experimenter first sounds a buzzer, then a few seconds later turns on the shock. Pressing the bar after the buzzer sounds but before the shock is delivered will prevent the shock from occurring. This is an example of ________.

________ occur(s) in classical conditioning.

In operant conditioning, extinction occurs as a result of withholding ________.

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission. For every car Perry sells, he gets 10 percent of the profits. Perry is being reinforced on a ________.

A pigeon learns to peck at a red disk. It will not peck at an identical disk of any other color. This illustrates the concept of ________.

In Bandura's classic (1965) study, children played more aggressively when a model was rewarded for aggressive behavior.

Superstitious behaviors are most commonly learned through ________.

A response that takes place in an organism whenever an unconditioned stimulus occurs is a(n) ________.

The process by which experience or practice results in a relatively permanent change in behavior or potential behavior is known as ________.

An experimenter attempting to classically condition a new behavior in a dog unintentionally presents the CS without the US several times during the conditioning process. She finds that this intermittent pairing ________.

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is ________.

A child is praised for using his fork instead of his fingers to eat some spaghetti. This is an example of ________ reinforcement.

Presenting the unconditioned stimulus before the conditioned stimulus is known as ________ conditioning.

Any stimulus that follows a behavior and decreases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a(n) ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

A reinforcer that is reinforcing in and of itself is called a ________ reinforcer.

Learning a positive behavior that prevents an undesirable situation from occurring is called ________ training.