Exam 6: Learning

The apparatus that has come to symbolize the theory of operant conditioning is the:

The process by which a stimulus strengthens or increases the probability of the response that it follows is called ______________.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat, Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented. In this experiment, the presentation of the meat was the:

Nagging someone to do something until they do it is an example of __________.

Reinforcing behaviors that more closely resemble a final, terminal behavior is called:

An animal trainer is trying to teach a lion to perform tricks for the circus. First the lion is given food if he sits quietly on a chair. Next the lion is given food if he raises one paw. Finally the lion is given food if he gives the trainer a "high-five." In this example, the lion is being trained by ________________.

All forms of classical conditioning require multiple parings of stimuli.

Changing behavior through the reinforcement of partial responses is called _______.

On a variable-interval schedule, reinforcement is given for the __________.

Frederick trained his parrot to open the door to his cage by pecking at a lever three times. Frederick used a _____ schedule of reinforcement to encourage the desired behavior.

A basic need such as food may be used as a ______ reinforcer, whereas a stimulus whose value must be learned is a ______ reinforcer.

Which of the following would be an example of advertisers applying classical conditioning to the marketing of a product?

Why are heroin users more likely to overdose when they inject heroin someplace other than their usual location?

In Pavlov's "salivating dogs" studies, the salivation triggered by the sound or tone was the ________________.

Extinction is the result of forgetting.

Which of the following statements is true?

How can learning theory help to explain why diet drinks are ineffective in helping people lose weight?

People appear to have a biological predisposition to associate nausea with what type of stimuli?

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _________ .

Which of the following illustrates an unconditioned stimulus (US)?