Exam 6: Learning

Peggy wanted to teach her dog how to roll over. She tried giving him instructions, but it didn't work. She tried waiting for him to roll over so she could reinforce the behavior, but she had to go to bed before the dog rolled. Finally, she began reinforcing the dog when it made behaviors that more closely resembled rolling over. At last, using _______, she was able to teach the dog to do the trick.

Laura's heart rate had been conditioned to increase whenever she smelled Old Spice After Shave. However, her heart would also race to the aroma of Brut and English Leather. This reaction is known as:

Wearing sunglasses ALL THE TIME because people tell you they make you look "irresistible" is an example of which of the types of punishment and reinforcement?

When you were first learning to make your bed, your parents told you that you did a good job when you got the bedspread pulled up, even though the bed was still a little messy. For the next week they showed you how to be a little neater each time you made the bed. What operant conditioning procedure did your parents use?

The broken vending machine in Cathy's office dispenses sodas inconsistently. Sometimes Cathy gets a soda after putting in two quarters, but sometimes she only gets a soda after putting in five or six quarters. In operant conditioning terms, Cathy is being reinforced on a ________________ schedule.

Operant conditioning is most closely associated with ________________.

Spontaneous recovery:

Kathy takes her 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday. Each week, the same sequence of events unfolds: Her son screams, demanding that Kathy buys him treats. Although she refuses to give in to his demands, he continues to scream. Finally, Kathy yells at the top of her lungs, "QUIET!" He stops screaming instantly. What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?

Electric shock, scoldings, and bad grades are:

Which of the following is most likely an example of a desirable difficulty when studying for a test?

In classical conditioning, the process during which a neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus is known as _______.

The conditioned stimulus is defined as:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane. When Bobby kissed Sue, his breathing accelerated. Sue always wore Chanel 5 when she went out with Bobby. Chanel 5 is the:

The presentation of an aversive stimulus following a particular operant response is called:

A camp leader repeatedly hugs a camper after she helps her friend. Each time, the camper is embarrassed and shies away from future acts of assistance. In the example, "Hugging the camper" is _______.

What is the reoccurrence of a previously extinguished conditioned response, typically after some time has passed since extinction?

When researchers want to use operant conditioning to train animals to perform complicated behaviors, they must use a step-by-step procedure called __________________.

When one of Pavlov's dogs salivated in response to the food, the salivation was a(n) ________________, but when the dogs salivated to the sound of a metronome, the salivation should be called a(n) _________________.

Before studying conditioning, Ivan Pavlov studied ______________.

You train your dog Milo to salivate to the sound of a bell. Then you ring the bell every five minutes and don't follow the ringing with food for Milo. He salivates less and less and finally stops salivating at all when the bell rings. But the next morning, when you ring the bell, Milo salivates! What term is used to explain the reappearance of this response?