Exam 6: Learning

A child is scolded for using his fingers instead of his fork to eat some spaghetti. The scolding stops when he picks up his fork. This is an example of _______ reinforcement.

The rewarding property of reinforcing stimuli like food and sex is believed to be related to the activity of which brain structure?

When the removal of an event increases the likelihood of a prior response, _______ has occurred.

A grandmother gives her grandchild a cookie because the child cleaned up her room. What is the cookie in this example?

The opposite of stimulus generalization is:

A young girl is just learning to dress herself. At first, the parents call her a "big girl" just for putting on her clothes "frontwards," even if they are not buttoned. Then, they call her a "big girl" if she tries to button them-even if the buttons are not in the right holes. Then, they call her a "big girl" only if she buttons them correctly. They have been using:

Negative reinforcement is best thought of as:

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

A dental drill can become an unpleasant stimulus, especially for people who may have experienced pain while one was used on his teeth. In this case, the pain elicited by the drill is a(n) _____.

Ivan Pavlov is most closely associated with __________.

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

According to your textbook, which of the following is true about animals teaching other members of their species?

As a child, Blaine was attacked by a goose and subsequently developed a severe fear of waterfowl. As he got older, the fear gradually faded until it was all but forgotten. Blaine is now in his early twenties and recently went strolling through a park by the river where he came across a flock of geese. The geese stared at him and he felt slightly fearful, though not as afraid as he had been as a child. Blaine's fear response to the geese in the park is an example of _______________.

The Internal Revenue Service threatens Sue with a penalty if she fails to pay her back taxes. She pays, and the threat is withdrawn. In the future, she is more prompt in meeting her obligation. This is an example of the use of _______ to control behavior.

Bill hates to clean up after dinner. One night, he volunteers to bathe the dog before cleaning up. When he finishes with the dog and returns to the kitchen, his wife has cleaned everything up for him. Which of the following statements is most likely true?

In classical conditioning, one must pair the _______ before conditioning can occur.

Thorndike's main apparatus in his operant conditioning research was:

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

__________ was one of the first people to describe learning as acquired through classical conditioning while studying the digestive process of dogs.

Which of the following is true concerning Tolman and Honzik's classic study of latent learning?