Exam 6: Learning

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane. When Bobby kissed Sue, his breathing accelerated. Sue always wore Chanel 5 when she went out with Bobby. Bobby's faster breathing rate when he smells Chanel 5 is the:

A friend regularly spanks his children to decrease their misbehavior. Which statement is most accurate in regard to using spanking as form of corporal punishment?

Stimulus generalization occurs:

A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that is__________ and thus __________the probability of a response.

When the number of responses is important to a schedule of reinforcement, that schedule is called a _____________ schedule.

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:

Because dogs do not need to be conditioned to salivate to food, salivation to food is a(n) ______________.

Pete cannot seem to stop checking the change slots of vending machines. Although he usually does not find any money, occasionally he finds a quarter. Despite the low levels of reinforcement, this behavior is likely to persist due to _____.

Billy throws rocks. Each time he throws a rock, he is immediately spanked. Spanking is a ________.

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

Which of the following statements about punishment is NOT true?

When Luke kisses Laura, her heart rate increases. Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave. Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice, her heart raced. Laura's increased heart rate when Luke kissed her was the:

Studies of latent learning emphasize the importance of ______________ on learning.

Which of the following is a primary reinforcer?

A reinforcer that adds something rewarding to a situation is called a(n) __________ reinforcer.

Paul is coming down with the flu, but he eats spaghetti anyway and subsequently becomes violently ill. A month later he sees that spaghetti is being served in the dining hall and is overcome by nausea. What type of learning is illustrated by this episode?

A reinforcer is a consequence that ______________ the likelihood of a behavior, and a punisher is a consequence that ____________ the likelihood of a behavior.

A person originally feared great heights, such as standing on top of tall buildings. Now the person has also developed fears of flying in airplanes, standing on ladders, and even watching high-wire artists perform. These new fears are probably the result of _______.

You spend days wandering aimlessly around a park with many different paths that end at different parts of the park. One day when you arrive at the park you get a call on your cell phone from your cousin whom you haven't seen for years, and she says she is waiting for you in a particular section of the park. Even though the paths are complicated and twisted, you manage to find the shortest route to your cousin. Tolman would explain your efficient passage through the park as an example of:

Why is it so much easier to learn to fear snakes than to fear guns?