Question 1

The world's largest desalinization plant is in _ and uses the process of
to produce drinking water.

Accepted Answer

Saudi Arab

Question 2

The lime- soda process is used for large- scale water- softening operations. CaO is added to
)

Accepted Answer

A)  cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
B)  reduce the pH to 3- 4 
C)  cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
D)  oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
E)  remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3 
A)  cause precipitation of iron and magnesium as Fe2MgO4 
B)  reduce the pH to 3- 4 
C)  cause precipitation of magnesium as Mg(OH)2 
D)  oxidize Fe2+ to insoluble Fe2O3 
E)  remove most Al3+ as solid Al(OH)3

Question 3

In the presence of oxygen, the nitrogen present in biodegradable material ends up mainly as

Accepted Answer

A)  NH4+  
B)  NO3-  
C)  NH3  
D)  NO 
E)  NO2 
A)  NH4+  
B)  NO3-  
C)  NH3  
D)  NO 
E)  NO2

Question 4

Why are chlorofluorocarbons so damaging to the ozone layer when they are such stable molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contain a double bond that ozone readily attacks, resulting in the destruction of the ozone. 
B)  They are very light molecules that rapidly diffuse into the upper atmosphere and block the radiation that causes formation of ozone. 
C)  The radiation in the stratosphere dissociates them producing chlorine atoms that catalytically destroy ozone. 
D)  They are greenhouse gases that raise the temperature above the dissociation temperature of ozone. 
E)  CFCs do not damage the ozone. 
A)  They contain a double bond that ozone readily attacks, resulting in the destruction of the ozone. 
B)  They are very light molecules that rapidly diffuse into the upper atmosphere and block the radiation that causes formation of ozone. 
C)  The radiation in the stratosphere dissociates them producing chlorine atoms that catalytically destroy ozone. 
D)  They are greenhouse gases that raise the temperature above the dissociation temperature of ozone. 
E)  CFCs do not damage the ozone.

Question 5

Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to the presence of .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to...

Question 6

The concentration of Br- in a sample of seawater is 8.3 × 10- 4 M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of
1)0 kg, the concentration of Br- - is ppm.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.066 
B)  8.3 
C)  8.3 × 10- 6  
D)  66 
E)  0.83 
A)  0.066 
B)  8.3 
C)  8.3 × 10- 6  
D)  66 
E)  0.83

Question 7

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O3 of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is _ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.45 
B)  2.2 × 10- 3  
C)  2.2 
D)  4.5 × 102  
E)  0.045 
A)  0.45 
B)  2.2 × 10- 3  
C)  2.2 
D)  4.5 × 102  
E)  0.045

Question 8

The average pH of the oceans is and is maintained by the buffering capacity of
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The average pH of the oceans is...

Question 9

The source(s) of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is/are .

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial action 
B)  forest fires 
C)  volcanic gases 
D)  fossil- fuel combustion 
E)  all of the above 
A)  bacterial action 
B)  forest fires 
C)  volcanic gases 
D)  fossil- fuel combustion 
E)  all of the above

Question 10

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize?
1) O2 (g) + hv → O (g) + O (g)
2) O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) →O3 (g) + M* (g)
3) O3 (g) + hv →O2 (g) + O (g)
4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O2 (g) + M* (g)

Accepted Answer

A)  mesosphere 
B)  methane 
C)  molybdenum 
D)  metal 
E)  molecule 
A)  mesosphere 
B)  methane 
C)  molybdenum 
D)  metal 
E)  molecule

Question 11

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by _ found in the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A)  O2  
B)  CO2  
C)  Ar 
D)  He 
E)  N2 
A)  O2  
B)  CO2  
C)  Ar 
D)  He 
E)  N2

Question 12

Which of the following is arranged correctly in order of increasing distance from Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  mesosphere < troposphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
B)  troposphere < mesosphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
C)  mesosphere < troposphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
D)  troposphere < stratosphere < mesosphere < thermosphere 
E)  troposphere < mesosphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
A)  mesosphere < troposphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
B)  troposphere < mesosphere < stratosphere < thermosphere 
C)  mesosphere < troposphere < thermosphere < stratosphere 
D)  troposphere < stratosphere < mesosphere < thermosphere 
E)  troposphere < mesosphere < thermosphere < stratosphere

Question 13

The liquid portion of the Earth is called the _ _.

Accepted Answer

A)  atmosphere 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  mesosphere 
D)  stratosphere 
E)  hydrosphere 
A)  atmosphere 
B)  lithosphere 
C)  mesosphere 
D)  stratosphere 
E)  hydrosphere

Question 14

In the equation below, M is most likely . O + O2  + M →O3  + M*

Accepted Answer

A)  Ne 
B)  Cl2  
C)  H2O 
D)  N2  
E)  CO2 
A)  Ne 
B)  Cl2  
C)  H2O 
D)  N2  
E)  CO2

Question 15

Of the compounds below, the one that requires the shortest wavelength for photoionization is

Accepted Answer

A)  NO 
B)  O 
C)  N2 
D)  O2 
E)  They all require the same wavelength. 
A)  NO 
B)  O 
C)  N2 
D)  O2 
E)  They all require the same wavelength.

Question 16

The reaction that forms most of the acid in acid rain is .

Accepted Answer

A)  SO2 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO3 (aq) 
B)  SO2 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO4 (aq) 
C)  H2S (g) + 2 O2 (g) →H2SO4 (l) 
D)  Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) →HCl (aq) + HClO (aq) 
E)  SO3 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO4 (aq) 
A)  SO2 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO3 (aq) 
B)  SO2 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO4 (aq) 
C)  H2S (g) + 2 O2 (g) →H2SO4 (l) 
D)  Cl2 (g) + H2O (l) →HCl (aq) + HClO (aq) 
E)  SO3 (g) + H2O (l) →H2SO4 (aq)

Question 17

The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is _.

Accepted Answer

A)  it decomposes endothermically causing the temperature of the water to decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms can live 
B)  it causes oxygen depletion in the water 
C)  it causes the water to become murky 
D)  it rises to the surface and absorbs wavelengths needed by aquatic plants 
E)  it causes death of bottom dwelling organisms because it agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning bottom dwelling organisms 
A)  it decomposes endothermically causing the temperature of the water to decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms can live 
B)  it causes oxygen depletion in the water 
C)  it causes the water to become murky 
D)  it rises to the surface and absorbs wavelengths needed by aquatic plants 
E)  it causes death of bottom dwelling organisms because it agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning bottom dwelling organisms

Question 18

What is/are the product(s) of photodissociation of molecular oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  molecular nitrogen 
B)  atomic oxygen 
C)  excited oxygen molecules 
D)  ozone 
E)  ozone and atomic oxygen 
A)  molecular nitrogen 
B)  atomic oxygen 
C)  excited oxygen molecules 
D)  ozone 
E)  ozone and atomic oxygen

Question 19

The concentration of carbon monoxide in a sample of air is 9.2 ppm. There are molecules of CO in 1.00 L of this air at 755 torr and 23°C.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.9 × 1018  
B)  1.7 × 1020  
C)  2.3 × 1017  
D)  3.8 × 10- 7  
E)  2.2 × 1021 
A)  2.9 × 1018  
B)  1.7 × 1020  
C)  2.3 × 1017  
D)  3.8 × 10- 7  
E)  2.2 × 1021

Question 20

The layer of the atmosphere that contains our weather is called the _ .`

Accepted Answer

A)  troposphere 
B)  stratosphere 
C)  thermosphere 
D)  mesosphere 
E)  heterosphere 
A)  troposphere 
B)  stratosphere 
C)  thermosphere 
D)  mesosphere 
E)  heterosphere

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

The world's largest desalinization plant is in _ and uses the process of to produce drinking water.

The lime- soda process is used for large- scale water- softening operations. CaO is added to )

In the presence of oxygen, the nitrogen present in biodegradable material ends up mainly as

Why are chlorofluorocarbons so damaging to the ozone layer when they are such stable molecules?

Clean rainwater is acidic mainly due to the presence of .

The concentration of Br- in a sample of seawater is 8.3 × 10- 4 M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of 1)0 kg, the concentration of Br- - is ppm.

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O3 of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is _ ppm.

The average pH of the oceans is and is maintained by the buffering capacity of .

The source(s) of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere is/are .

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize? 1) O2 (g) + hv → O (g) + O (g) 2) O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) →O3 (g) + M* (g) 3) O3 (g) + hv →O2 (g) + O (g) 4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O2 (g) + M* (g)

Radiation in the infrared portion of the spectrum is absorbed by _ found in the atmosphere.

Which of the following is arranged correctly in order of increasing distance from Earth's surface?

The liquid portion of the Earth is called the _ _.

In the equation below, M is most likely . O + O2 + M →O3 + M*

Of the compounds below, the one that requires the shortest wavelength for photoionization is

The reaction that forms most of the acid in acid rain is .

The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is _.

What is/are the product(s) of photodissociation of molecular oxygen?

The concentration of carbon monoxide in a sample of air is 9.2 ppm. There are molecules of CO in 1.00 L of this air at 755 torr and 23°C.

The layer of the atmosphere that contains our weather is called the _ .`

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Gases

Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids

Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallurgy

Chemistry of Coordination Compounds

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

The concentration of Br^-in a sample of seawater is 8.3 × 10^-⁴M. If a liter of seawater has a mass of 1)0 kg, the concentration of Br^-- is ppm.

The concentration of ozone in a sample of air that has a partial pressure of O₃of 0.33 torr and a total pressure of air of 735 torr is _ ppm.

In the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), what does M symbolize? 1) O₂(g) + hv → O (g) + O (g) 2) O (g) + O₂(g) + M (g) →O₃(g) + M^(g) 3) O₃(g) + hv →O₂(g) + O (g) 4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O₂(g) + M^(g)

In the equation below, M is most likely . O + O₂+ M →O₃+ M^*