Question 1

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
B)  selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic) bacteria 
C)  remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
D)  remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
E)  make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3 
A)  remove all SO42- as solid CaSO4 
B)  selectively kill anaerobic (but not aerobic) bacteria 
C)  remove all HCO3- as solid CaCO3 
D)  remove all Cl- as solid CaCl2 
E)  make the water slightly basic so that addition of Al2(SO4)3 will afford a gelatinous precipitate of Al(OH)3

Question 2

A sample of air from a home is found to contain 6.2 ppm of carbon monoxide. This means that if the total pressure is 695 torr, then the partial pressure of CO is _ torr.

Accepted Answer

A)  4.3 × 103  
B)  8.9 × 103  
C)  4.3 × 10- 3  
D)  1.1 × 108  
E)  4.3 
A)  4.3 × 103  
B)  8.9 × 103  
C)  4.3 × 10- 3  
D)  1.1 × 108  
E)  4.3

Question 3

Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hv - N2+ + e- ) remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150- 200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 + hv → 2O 
B)  NO + O2 + hv → NO3 
C)  N2 + hv →2N 
D)  N2 + O2 + hv → 2NO 
E)  O3  + hv →O2  + O 
A)  O2 + hv → 2O 
B)  NO + O2 + hv → NO3 
C)  N2 + hv →2N 
D)  N2 + O2 + hv → 2NO 
E)  O3  + hv →O2  + O

Question 4

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic?
1) O2 (g) + hv → O (g) + O (g)
2) O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) → O3(g) + M* (g)
3) O3 (g) + hv →O2 (g) + O (g)
4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O2 (g) + M* (g)

Accepted Answer

A)  2 only 
B)  1, 2, and 4 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  all of them 
A)  2 only 
B)  1, 2, and 4 
C)  1 and 3 
D)  2 and 4 
E)  all of them

Question 5

Most fresh water in the U.S. is used for agriculture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The concentration of ozone in Los Angeles is 0.67 ppm on a summer day. This means that if the total pressure is 735 torr, then the partial pressure of O3 is _ torr.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.49 
B)  1.1 × 109  
C)  4.9 × 10- 4  
D)  4.9 × 102  
E)  9.1 × 102 
A)  0.49 
B)  1.1 × 109  
C)  4.9 × 10- 4  
D)  4.9 × 102  
E)  9.1 × 102

Question 7

THMs are .

Accepted Answer

A)  natural 
B)  used in green chemistry 
C)  non- toxic 
D)  atmospheric pollutants 
E)  carcinogens 
A)  natural 
B)  used in green chemistry 
C)  non- toxic 
D)  atmospheric pollutants 
E)  carcinogens

Question 8

In the troposphere, temperature with increasing altitude, while in the stratosphere, temperature with increasing altitude.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases, increases 
B)  decreases, decreases 
C)  increases, decreases 
D)  decreases, increases 
E)  decreases, remains constant 
A)  increases, increases 
B)  decreases, decreases 
C)  increases, decreases 
D)  decreases, increases 
E)  decreases, remains constant

Question 9

Why is carbon monoxide toxic?

Accepted Answer

A)  It binds to hemoglobin, thus blocking the transport of oxygen. 
B)  It causes renal failure. 
C)  It binds to oxygen and causes suffocation. 
D)  It induces leukemia. 
E)  It blocks acetylcholine receptor sites causing paralysis and rapid death. 
A)  It binds to hemoglobin, thus blocking the transport of oxygen. 
B)  It causes renal failure. 
C)  It binds to oxygen and causes suffocation. 
D)  It induces leukemia. 
E)  It blocks acetylcholine receptor sites causing paralysis and rapid death.

Question 10

Ozone is more efficient at killing bacteria in water yet chlorine is used more commonly for that purpose in municipal water treatment. Why?

Accepted Answer

Ozone must be genera

Question 11

Eutrophication of a lake is the process of .

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid decline in the lake's pH due to acid rain 
B)  stocking the lake with fish 
C)  rapid increase in the amount of dead and decaying plant matter in the lake as a result of excessive plant growth 
D)  dissolved oxygen being depleted by an overpopulation of fish 
E)  restoration of the lake's dissolved oxygen supply by aerobic bacteria 
A)  rapid decline in the lake's pH due to acid rain 
B)  stocking the lake with fish 
C)  rapid increase in the amount of dead and decaying plant matter in the lake as a result of excessive plant growth 
D)  dissolved oxygen being depleted by an overpopulation of fish 
E)  restoration of the lake's dissolved oxygen supply by aerobic bacteria

Question 12

What compound in limestone and marble is attacked by acid rain _ _?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydroxyapatite 
B)  gypsum 
C)  calcium carbonate 
D)  potassium hydroxide 
E)  graphite 
A)  hydroxyapatite 
B)  gypsum 
C)  calcium carbonate 
D)  potassium hydroxide 
E)  graphite

Question 13

What is meant by the salinity of seawater?

Accepted Answer

A)  osmotic pressure of seawater 
B)  molality of NaCl in seawater 
C)  molarity of NaCl in seawater 
D)  percent by mass of salt in seawater 
E)  mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater 
A)  osmotic pressure of seawater 
B)  molality of NaCl in seawater 
C)  molarity of NaCl in seawater 
D)  percent by mass of salt in seawater 
E)  mass in grams of dry salts present in 1 kg of seawater

Question 14

What is the final stage in municipal water treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  aeration 
B)  treatment with ozone or chlorine 
C)  removal of added fluoride 
D)  settling 
E)  filtration through sand and gravel 
A)  aeration 
B)  treatment with ozone or chlorine 
C)  removal of added fluoride 
D)  settling 
E)  filtration through sand and gravel

Question 15

What is the partial pressure or oxygen (in torr) in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr?

Accepted Answer

A)  430 
B)  601 
C)  159 
D)  720 
E)  760 
A)  430 
B)  601 
C)  159 
D)  720 
E)  760

Question 16

Why is ozone depletion in the Arctic generally much less severe than that in the Antarctic?

Accepted Answer

The Arctic generally

Question 17

The bond energy of oxygen is higher than that of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Volume fraction and mole fraction are the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Organic matter is a source for all of the following atmospheric gases, except .

Accepted Answer

A)  SO2  
B)  CO2  
C)  NO 
D)  CO 
E)  CH4 
A)  SO2  
B)  CO2  
C)  NO 
D)  CO 
E)  CH4

Question 20

Natural, unpolluted rainwater is typically acidic. What is the source of this natural acidity
?

Accepted Answer

A)  HCl 
B)  NO2 
C)  CO2 
D)  chlorofluorocarbons 
E)  SO2 
A)  HCl 
B)  NO2 
C)  CO2 
D)  chlorofluorocarbons 
E)  SO2

Exam 18: Chemistry of the Environment

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al2(SO4)3, and Cl2. The purpose of adding CaO is to _ .

A sample of air from a home is found to contain 6.2 ppm of carbon monoxide. This means that if the total pressure is 695 torr, then the partial pressure of CO is _ torr.

Photoionization processes (e.g., N2 + hv - N2+ + e- ) remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150- 200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic? 1) O2 (g) + hv → O (g) + O (g) 2) O (g) + O2 (g) + M (g) → O3(g) + M* (g) 3) O3 (g) + hv →O2 (g) + O (g) 4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O2 (g) + M* (g)

Most fresh water in the U.S. is used for agriculture.

The concentration of ozone in Los Angeles is 0.67 ppm on a summer day. This means that if the total pressure is 735 torr, then the partial pressure of O3 is _ torr.

THMs are .

In the troposphere, temperature with increasing altitude, while in the stratosphere, temperature with increasing altitude.

Why is carbon monoxide toxic?

Ozone is more efficient at killing bacteria in water yet chlorine is used more commonly for that purpose in municipal water treatment. Why?

Eutrophication of a lake is the process of .

What compound in limestone and marble is attacked by acid rain _ _?

What is meant by the salinity of seawater?

What is the final stage in municipal water treatment?

What is the partial pressure or oxygen (in torr) in the atmosphere when the atmospheric pressure is 760 torr?

Why is ozone depletion in the Arctic generally much less severe than that in the Antarctic?

The bond energy of oxygen is higher than that of nitrogen.

Volume fraction and mole fraction are the same.

Organic matter is a source for all of the following atmospheric gases, except .

Natural, unpolluted rainwater is typically acidic. What is the source of this natural acidity ?

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Properties of the Elements

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding

Gases

Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids

Modern Materials

Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Additional Aspects of Equilibria

Chemical Thermodynamics

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry of the Nonmetals

Metals and Metallurgy

Chemistry of Coordination Compounds

The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Filters

Chemical treatment of municipal water supplies commonly entails use of CaO, Al₂(SO₄)₃, and Cl₂. The purpose of adding CaO is to _ .

Photoionization processes (e.g., N₂+ hv - N₂⁺+ e^-) remove UV of <150 nm. Which photoreaction is the principal absorber of UV in the 150- 200 nm range in the upper atmosphere?

Of the reactions involved in the photodecomposition of ozone (shown below), which are exothermic? 1) O₂(g) + hv → O (g) + O (g) 2) O (g) + O₂(g) + M (g) → O₃(g) + M^(g) 3) O₃(g) + hv →O₂(g) + O (g) 4) O (g) + O (g) + M (g) →O₂(g) + M^(g)

The concentration of ozone in Los Angeles is 0.67 ppm on a summer day. This means that if the total pressure is 735 torr, then the partial pressure of O₃is _ torr.