Question 1

The limbs of all mammals contain three bones. This is an example of a(n) ________ trait.

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous 
B)  derived 
C)  homologous 
D)  convergent 
A)  analogous 
B)  derived 
C)  homologous 
D)  convergent

Question 2

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

Accepted Answer

A)  experience different mutations. 
B)  living in the same location experience different selection pressures. 
C)  form fertile hybrids. 
D)  are physically separated from each other. 
A)  experience different mutations. 
B)  living in the same location experience different selection pressures. 
C)  form fertile hybrids. 
D)  are physically separated from each other.

Question 3

When scientists use phylogenies to name species and classify them into hierarchical categories, they create

Accepted Answer

A)  systematics. 
B)  taxonomies. 
C)  macroevolution. 
D)  character displacement. 
A)  systematics. 
B)  taxonomies. 
C)  macroevolution. 
D)  character displacement.

Question 4

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

Accepted Answer

Although evolutionary systematists and c

Question 5

Siamangs, gibbons, and orangutans are all members of the superfamily ________, but only the orangutan is a member of the family ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pan; Hominidae 
B)  Pongidae; Hominidae 
C)  Hominoidae; Pongidae 
D)  Hominoidae; Pan 
A)  Pan; Hominidae 
B)  Pongidae; Hominidae 
C)  Hominoidae; Pongidae 
D)  Hominoidae; Pan

Question 6

What is the ecological species concept? Is it applicable to asexual species?

Accepted Answer

Ecological species are groups of organis

Question 7

The existence of asexual species provides evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  species can be maintained through the biological species concept. 
B)  species can be maintained through the ecological species concept. 
C)  macroevolution is a stronger force than microevolution. 
D)  microevolution is a stronger force than macroevolution. 
A)  species can be maintained through the biological species concept. 
B)  species can be maintained through the ecological species concept. 
C)  macroevolution is a stronger force than microevolution. 
D)  microevolution is a stronger force than macroevolution.

Question 8

The comparative method, when considering phylogeny, forces us to consider

Accepted Answer

A)  how many times an adaptation is found in the collection of species that make up a genus. 
B)  evolutionary relationships between species that do not share a common ancestor. 
C)  how many times a trait evolved, rather than how many species a trait is found in. 
D)  whether a given species should be classified in a particular genus. 
A)  how many times an adaptation is found in the collection of species that make up a genus. 
B)  evolutionary relationships between species that do not share a common ancestor. 
C)  how many times a trait evolved, rather than how many species a trait is found in. 
D)  whether a given species should be classified in a particular genus.

Question 9

Allopatric speciation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow is maintained between two subgroups of a mother population. 
B)  two morphologically different subgroups of a species share the same habitat. 
C)  gene flow prevents genetic variants from being exchanged between subgroups. 
D)  a subgroup is physically isolated from the mother population and gene flow can no longer occur. 
A)  gene flow is maintained between two subgroups of a mother population. 
B)  two morphologically different subgroups of a species share the same habitat. 
C)  gene flow prevents genetic variants from being exchanged between subgroups. 
D)  a subgroup is physically isolated from the mother population and gene flow can no longer occur.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of a properly done phylogeny?

Accepted Answer

A)  It reflects developmental stages. 
B)  It can only be used for closely related species. 
C)  It reflects the evolutionary history of living species. 
D)  It does not help us understand evolutionary events. 
A)  It reflects developmental stages. 
B)  It can only be used for closely related species. 
C)  It reflects the evolutionary history of living species. 
D)  It does not help us understand evolutionary events.

Question 11

Closely related species may be grouped into ________ that may in turn be grouped into ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  families; genera 
B)  genera; subspecies 
C)  genera; families 
D)  families; subspecies 
A)  families; genera 
B)  genera; subspecies 
C)  genera; families 
D)  families; subspecies

Question 12

According to the biological species concept, why do species tend to remain the same over long periods of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  New mutations are usually maladaptive. 
B)  Environments change slowly. 
C)  Gene flow keeps individuals similar to each other. 
D)  Natural selection is a powerful process. 
A)  New mutations are usually maladaptive. 
B)  Environments change slowly. 
C)  Gene flow keeps individuals similar to each other. 
D)  Natural selection is a powerful process.

Question 13

Cladistic systematics uses

Accepted Answer

A)  only morphological similarity to classify organisms. 
B)  only descent to classify organisms. 
C)  both similarity and descent to classify organisms. 
D)  neither similarity nor descent to classify organisms. 
A)  only morphological similarity to classify organisms. 
B)  only descent to classify organisms. 
C)  both similarity and descent to classify organisms. 
D)  neither similarity nor descent to classify organisms.

Question 14

________ speciation occurs when selection causes a single species to develop different adaptations to a similar environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Allopatric 
B)  Sympatric 
C)  Parapatric 
D)  Peripatric 
A)  Allopatric 
B)  Sympatric 
C)  Parapatric 
D)  Peripatric

Question 15

Consider all three species of the genus Happy: the Eastern Mugwump, the Western Mugwump, and the Middle Mugwump. All of these species evolved from a six-legged common ancestor. The Eastern and Middle Mugwumps have six legs, and the Western Mugwumps have eight legs. For the genus Happy, six-leggedness is

Accepted Answer

A)  ancestral. 
B)  derived. 
C)  convergent. 
D)  a mutation. 
A)  ancestral. 
B)  derived. 
C)  convergent. 
D)  a mutation.

Question 16

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monogamy 
B)  Gene flow 
C)  Reproductive isolation 
D)  Microevolution 
A)  Monogamy 
B)  Gene flow 
C)  Reproductive isolation 
D)  Microevolution

Question 17

Genetic distance data reveals that ________ are more genetically distant from humans than any of the other great apes.

Accepted Answer

A)  gorillas 
B)  orangutans 
C)  chimpanzees 
D)  bonobos 
A)  gorillas 
B)  orangutans 
C)  chimpanzees 
D)  bonobos

Question 18

At the end of the Cretaceous era, mammals diversified to fill a broad range of ecological niches. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement. 
B)  hybrid zones. 
C)  phylogeny. 
D)  adaptive radiation. 
A)  reinforcement. 
B)  hybrid zones. 
C)  phylogeny. 
D)  adaptive radiation.

Question 19

Derived characters are traits that

Accepted Answer

A)  characterize the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
B)  evolved after the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
C)  are less suited to the environment than ancestral characters. 
D)  are more complicated than ancestral characters. 
A)  characterize the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
B)  evolved after the last common ancestor that a particular collection of species share. 
C)  are less suited to the environment than ancestral characters. 
D)  are more complicated than ancestral characters.

Question 20

Scientists use ________ to construct phylogenies.

Accepted Answer

A)  systematics 
B)  taphonomy 
C)  macroevolution 
D)  character displacement 
A)  systematics 
B)  taphonomy 
C)  macroevolution 
D)  character displacement

The limbs of all mammals contain three bones. This is an example of a(n) ________ trait.

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

When scientists use phylogenies to name species and classify them into hierarchical categories, they create

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

Siamangs, gibbons, and orangutans are all members of the superfamily , but only the orangutan is a member of the family .

What is the ecological species concept? Is it applicable to asexual species?

The existence of asexual species provides evidence that

The comparative method, when considering phylogeny, forces us to consider

Allopatric speciation occurs when

Which of the following statements is true of a properly done phylogeny?

Closely related species may be grouped into that may in turn be grouped into .

According to the biological species concept, why do species tend to remain the same over long periods of time?

Cladistic systematics uses

________ speciation occurs when selection causes a single species to develop different adaptations to a similar environment.

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Genetic distance data reveals that ________ are more genetically distant from humans than any of the other great apes.

At the end of the Cretaceous era, mammals diversified to fill a broad range of ecological niches. This is an example of

Derived characters are traits that

Scientists use ________ to construct phylogenies.

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters

Exam 4: Speciation and Phylogeny

The limbs of all mammals contain three bones. This is an example of a(n) ________ trait.

Sympatric speciation occurs when two populations

When scientists use phylogenies to name species and classify them into hierarchical categories, they create

Compare and contrast cladistic and evolutionary systematics. Illustrate your answer by discussing the phylogeny of apes and humans.

Siamangs, gibbons, and orangutans are all members of the superfamily ________, but only the orangutan is a member of the family ________.

What is the ecological species concept? Is it applicable to asexual species?

The existence of asexual species provides evidence that

The comparative method, when considering phylogeny, forces us to consider

Allopatric speciation occurs when

Which of the following statements is true of a properly done phylogeny?

Closely related species may be grouped into ________ that may in turn be grouped into ________.

According to the biological species concept, why do species tend to remain the same over long periods of time?

Cladistic systematics uses

________ speciation occurs when selection causes a single species to develop different adaptations to a similar environment.

________ occurs when members of a given group of organisms do NOT successfully mate with organisms of the same species outside of their group.

Genetic distance data reveals that ________ are more genetically distant from humans than any of the other great apes.

At the end of the Cretaceous era, mammals diversified to fill a broad range of ecological niches. This is an example of

Derived characters are traits that

Scientists use ________ to construct phylogenies.

Adaptation by Natural Selection

Genetics

The Modern Synthesis

Primate Diversity and Ecology

Primate Mating Systems

The Evolution of Cooperation

Primate Life Histories and the Evolution of Intelligence

From Tree Shrew to Ape

The Earliest Hominins

Early Homo and H Erectus 26-1 Ma

The Neanderthals and Their Contemporaries

Homo Sapiens and the Evolution of Modern Human Behavior

Human Genetics and Variation

Evolution and Human Behavior

Culture, Cooperation, and Human Uniqueness

Filters

Siamangs, gibbons, and orangutans are all members of the superfamily , but only the orangutan is a member of the family .

Closely related species may be grouped into that may in turn be grouped into .