Exam 5: Learning

Learning that takes place without actual performance (a kind of latent learning) is called _____________.

On a fixed-ratio schedule reinforcement is given _________ .

Cheryl is trying to teach her son to do the laundry by watching her. According to observational learning theory, to be effective what must occur?

Who was Little Albert?

Observational learning has been used to explain why children who watch violent television tend to behave more aggressively. Research has demonstrated that watching such television shows causes an increase in violent tendencies.

Kelsey just told her family a really funny joke that she made up herself. In order to use a primary reinforcer to encourage her in her joke-telling, Kelsey's dad might ________.

The idea that for classical conditioning to occur, the presentation of the conditioned stimulus must tell you something about whether the unconditioned stimulus is going to occur is called ___________ theory.

Which letters correspond to the four elements of modeling from Bandura's theory?

Animals exposed to unavoidable, uncontrollable aversive stimulation exhibit _______ when later trained in an avoidance procedure.

When someone uses punishment to change a behavior, the behavior is likely to ______.

Though Jenny tried in vain to reach a puzzle on the top shelf by standing on a chair, she simply could not reach. Suddenly she realized that by placing a thick catalog on the seat of the chair, she would be high enough to reach the puzzle. Jenny's solution is best explained by which of the following?

Insight is a concept associated with _______ learning theory.

An example of a discriminative stimulus might be ________.

The process of presenting the conditioned stimulus alone so often that the learner no longer associates it with the unconditioned stimulus and stops making the conditioned response is called _______.

Give an example of a conditioned response.

A pigeon learns to peck only at a red disk. It will not peck at an identical disk of any other color. This illustrates the concept of _______.

Of the following phenomena, which one best explains the spreading of phobias to objects similar to the one to which the phobia was originally acquired?

During the cold winter, you have stopped taking your dog for walks. What's more, your dog has gotten used to the fact that when you accidentally rattle his leash, he isn't going for a walk, and subsequently he doesn't come running to the front door. What has occurred?

Which of the following is a conditioned positive reinforcer?

Albert was a little boy who was shown to be remarkably resistant to having his emotional responses conditioned by psychologist John Watson. Watson presented Albert with a cute little furry rat and then rang a loud bell. Later, Albert should have become scared of the bell, but this never happened.