Exam 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

If two DNA samples are exactly the same, what would you expect to happen if you exposed both to the same mixture of primers and then carried out the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

_________ are established with cells that have been frozen in liquid nitrogen, thawed and then placed in a waiting culture medium.

What is used to separate DNA fragments in the cycle sequencing method of DNA sequencing in such a way that chains differing by only one nucleotide in length can be separated?

A small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is separate from the main bacterial chromosome is called a ___________.

How big are the sites recognized by most restriction enzymes?

The 3-D computerized reconstruction of a cell generated by cryoelectron tomography is called a(n)________.

During the gene cloning procedure, what is the purpose of inserting genes into a bacterium that give it resistance to antibiotics?

PCR employs a heat-stable DNA polymerase called ________, originally isolated from a bacterium that lives in hot springs at temperatures higher than 90°C.

After plant cells have been separated and grown in culture, they can grow into an undifferentiated clump of cells called a __________.

How does a phase-contract microscope setup make transparent objects more visible?

In the PCR quantification procedure involving molecular beacons, what causes the fluorochrome to fluoresce?

Why do electron microscopes provide much greater resolving power than light microscopes?

Nowadays, what is the most common method for synthesizing double-stranded molecules of DNA for use in experimental procedures?

What typically happens if the cells of a cell line are injected into laboratory animals?

Which of the following is a technique used to encourage bacteria to take up DNA from the surrounding culture medium?

What is the technique for producing millions of copies of recombinant DNA with a specific DNA sequence in a short period of time from one or a few initial copies?

How sensitive is gel electrophoresis when it is used to separate DNA?

In which technique is radioactivity detected by mixing the sample in a vial with a special fluid that contains compounds that emit light if struck by a beta particle?

What technique distributes the contents of a homogenate into various layers according to the components' densities?

Which technique depends on the use of antibodies made specifically against a particular protein (antigen)and then conjugated to a substance that makes the antibodies visible under the light or electron microscope?