Exam 18: Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

What determines the identity and chemical properties of an atom?

What describes the result of the magnification power of the microscope exceeding the ability of the microscope to resolve?

Which method combines PCR with the Sanger-Coulson sequencing method and is widely used in genome sequencing?

Of what is the electron source of an electron microscope, the cathode, composed?

How do DNA molecules place themselves in a CsCl equilibrium gradient?

Under what set of circumstances will organelles move to the bottom of a centrifuge tube in a centrifugal field?

A term to describe short, single-stranded nucleic acid molecules is _________.

Atomic force microscopy can be used for ___________.

Whole blood from an animal that has been exposed to foreign materials (antigens)and then had the cells and clotting factors removed from it is called _________.

How are double-stranded hybrids released from hydroxylapatite columns?

The first fully human antibody has been manufactured using bacteriophage rather than hybridomas; it is approved for rheumatoid arthritis treatment and is called _________.

Non-denaturing gel electrophoresis (PAGE)has the disadvantage that it ____________.

Molecules which absorb photons of a specific wavelength and release a portion of the energy in longer wavelengths are called ________.

In what medium are small RNAs or DNAs of a few hundred nucleotides typically separated through electrophoresis?

What is the result of treating the full complement of genomic DNA with low concentrations of restriction enzymes under conditions in which most of the susceptible sites are not cleaved?

What is the name of the process by which recombinant DNA gets into bacteria after being picked up from the surrounding medium?

Electron cryomicroscopy can be used to cause membrane proteins to become closely packed at very low temperatures into two-dimensional crystalline arrays within the plane of a membrane. The structures of such proteins are then determined from combined, high-resolution electron microscope images of many different protein molecules taken at various angles. This process is called __________.

An electron beam strikes a specimen in an area where there is a high concentration of heavy metal atoms. What does a spot on the phosphorescent screen of the electron microscope just below this part of the specimen look like if compared to the area of the specimen where there is the high concentration of heavy metal atoms?

When malignant myeloma cells and normal lymphocytes are fused together to make hybrid cells, the cells thus produced are called _________.

What term defines viral-mediated gene transfer, which is a very widely used strategy to get genes into eukaryotic cells?