Exam 13: Solutions

The decrease in vapor pressure of an aqueous solution that contains 45.0% ethylene glycol (C₂H₄(OH)₂) by mass is _____ mmHg. (Given; vapor pressure of pure water at 100.0˚C is 760.0 mmHg)

The process of surrounding solute particles with water molecules is called _____.

Which of the following processes involves a chemical transformation?

_____ is a measure of the amount of a solid substance that remains dissolved in a given amount of a specific liquid at a specified temperature and pressure.

The concentration of a solute is typically expressed as molality rather than molarity.

The van't Hoff factor increases with increase in solute concentration.

The mass percentage of toluene in a solution containing 100.0 mL of toluene and 200.0 mL of benzene is _____%. (Density of toluene = 0.865 g/mL and density of benzene = 0.875 g/mL)

Fractional crystallization separates components of a mixture based on their solubilities.

The mole fraction of benzene in a 100.0g solution containing 30.0g of benzene and 70.0g of water is _____. (molar mass of benzene = 78.11 g/mol and molar mass of water = 18.02 g/mol)

The Henry's law constant for helium in water at 20.0˚C and 0.25 atm is 3.9 × 10^-4 M/atm. The solubility of helium in water at 20.0˚C at an atmospheric pressure of 0.25 atm is _____ M.

How does the nature of a solute and a solvent determine whether the solvation process is exothermic or endothermic?

A _____ is an unstable solution with more dissolved solute than it would normally contain under the given set of conditions.

The degree of disorder in a thermodynamic system is referred to as its _____.

A dispersion of solid particles in a liquid or a solid is called a(n) _____.

The substances that are capable of forming a single homogenous phase, regardless of the proportions with which they are mixed are said to be _____.

The net flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane is called _____.

A change in enthalpy always favors solution formation.

Which of the following compounds will be most soluble in water?

Gases that react with water do not obey Henry's law.

The osmotic pressure of a solution that contains 6.0 g of NaCl per 100.0 g of solution that has a density of 1.02 g/mL at a temperature of 25˚C is _____ atm. (Given R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)