Question 1

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A flagellar protein subunit is flagellin. 
B)  In flagellar motion, the basal body acts as a motor. 
C)  Flagellar rotation generates ATP. 
D)  The hook is the wider region at the base of the flagellum. 
A)  A flagellar protein subunit is flagellin. 
B)  In flagellar motion, the basal body acts as a motor. 
C)  Flagellar rotation generates ATP. 
D)  The hook is the wider region at the base of the flagellum. C

Question 2

The morphology of a cell influences its

Accepted Answer

A)  motility. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  surface-to-volume ratio. 
D)  motility and surface-to-volume ratio. 
A)  motility. 
B)  metabolism. 
C)  surface-to-volume ratio. 
D)  motility and surface-to-volume ratio. D

Question 3

Type IV pili are involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment of cells to surfaces. 
B)  twitching motility. 
C)  pathogenesis. 
D)  attachment to surfaces, twitching motility, and pathogenesis. 
A)  attachment of cells to surfaces. 
B)  twitching motility. 
C)  pathogenesis. 
D)  attachment to surfaces, twitching motility, and pathogenesis. D

Question 4

Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have ________ surface-to-volume ratios, causing ________ nutrient exchange.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower / lower 
B)  lower / higher 
C)  higher / lower 
D)  higher / higher 
A)  lower / lower 
B)  lower / higher 
C)  higher / lower 
D)  higher / higher

Question 5

Which of the following is evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria have circular DNA. 
B)  The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane. 
C)  Chloroplasts have thylakoids. 
D)  The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes. 
A)  Mitochondria have circular DNA. 
B)  The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane. 
C)  Chloroplasts have thylakoids. 
D)  The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes.

Question 6

Despite the invariance of the backbone of peptidoglycan, there are more than 100 different types of peptidoglycan.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Porins are channels in the outer membranes of gram-positive Bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the biological function of endospores?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are bacterial reproductive structures. 
B)  They enable organisms to endure extremes of temperature, drying, and nutrient depletion. 
C)  They transport toxins. 
D)  Endospores can serve as reproductive structures, enable survival in harsh environments, and transport toxins. 
A)  They are bacterial reproductive structures. 
B)  They enable organisms to endure extremes of temperature, drying, and nutrient depletion. 
C)  They transport toxins. 
D)  Endospores can serve as reproductive structures, enable survival in harsh environments, and transport toxins.

Question 9

You find endospores of a particular species. Which of the following is most likely TRUE of this species?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an archaean. 
B)  It is a gram positive bacterium. 
C)  It is a gram negative bacterium. 
D)  It is equally likely to be an archaean, a gram positive bacterium, or a gram negative bacterium. 
A)  It is an archaean. 
B)  It is a gram positive bacterium. 
C)  It is a gram negative bacterium. 
D)  It is equally likely to be an archaean, a gram positive bacterium, or a gram negative bacterium.

Question 10

Cells move polar molecules across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient using

Accepted Answer

A)  energy and transport proteins. 
B)  simple diffusion. 
C)  modifications to membrane lipids. 
D)  random molecular movement. 
A)  energy and transport proteins. 
B)  simple diffusion. 
C)  modifications to membrane lipids. 
D)  random molecular movement.

Question 11

Archaeans have archaella that rotate like bacterial flagella though they

Accepted Answer

A)  have greater diameters than bacterial flagella. 
B)  are longer than bacterial flagella. 
C)  only rotate in one direction. 
D)  consist of multiple protein types. 
A)  have greater diameters than bacterial flagella. 
B)  are longer than bacterial flagella. 
C)  only rotate in one direction. 
D)  consist of multiple protein types.

Question 12

Pathogenic bacteria that contain S-layers are protected against host defense mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In general, swimming is performed with flagella, whereas gliding uses other cellular components such as pili.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer is found ONLY in the cell walls of

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  gram-negative Bacteria. 
C)  Archaea. 
D)  Eukarya. 
A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  gram-negative Bacteria. 
C)  Archaea. 
D)  Eukarya.

Question 15

Chemotaxis is a sensory response affecting the rotational direction of the flagellar motor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Where within a eukaryotic cell is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesized?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm 
B)  lysosome 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  nucleolus 
A)  cytoplasm 
B)  lysosome 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  nucleolus

Question 17

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eukaryotic flagella rotate in the same manner as prokaryotic flagella. 
B)  Lysosomes synthesize proteins and carbohydrates. 
C)  Cilia generally move with a slow, whiplike motion. 
D)  The major function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is lipid synthesis. 
A)  Eukaryotic flagella rotate in the same manner as prokaryotic flagella. 
B)  Lysosomes synthesize proteins and carbohydrates. 
C)  Cilia generally move with a slow, whiplike motion. 
D)  The major function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is lipid synthesis.

Question 18

The rigid layer that is present in the cell walls of Bacteria that is primarily responsible for the strength of the wall is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudomurein. 
B)  S-layer. 
C)  cellulose. 
D)  peptidoglycan. 
A)  pseudomurein. 
B)  S-layer. 
C)  cellulose. 
D)  peptidoglycan.

Question 19

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) protect DNA from ultraviolet light and are found in high numbers within

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  endospores. 
C)  inclusion bodies. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria. 
A)  gram-positive Bacteria. 
B)  endospores. 
C)  inclusion bodies. 
D)  gram-negative Bacteria.

Question 20

All eukaryotes contain

Accepted Answer

A)  a membrane-enclosed nucleus. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  hydrogenosomes. 
D)  a nucleus, mitochondria, and hydrogenosomes. 
A)  a membrane-enclosed nucleus. 
B)  mitochondria. 
C)  hydrogenosomes. 
D)  a nucleus, mitochondria, and hydrogenosomes.

Exam 2: Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The morphology of a cell influences its

Type IV pili are involved in

Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have ________ surface-to-volume ratios, causing ________ nutrient exchange.

Which of the following is evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?

Despite the invariance of the backbone of peptidoglycan, there are more than 100 different types of peptidoglycan.

Porins are channels in the outer membranes of gram-positive Bacteria.

What is the biological function of endospores?

You find endospores of a particular species. Which of the following is most likely TRUE of this species?

Cells move polar molecules across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient using

Archaeans have archaella that rotate like bacterial flagella though they

Pathogenic bacteria that contain S-layers are protected against host defense mechanisms.

In general, swimming is performed with flagella, whereas gliding uses other cellular components such as pili.

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer is found ONLY in the cell walls of

Chemotaxis is a sensory response affecting the rotational direction of the flagellar motor.

Where within a eukaryotic cell is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesized?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The rigid layer that is present in the cell walls of Bacteria that is primarily responsible for the strength of the wall is known as

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs) protect DNA from ultraviolet light and are found in high numbers within

All eukaryotes contain

The Microbial World

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Information Flow and Protein Processing

Microbial Growth and Its Control

Microbial Regulatory Systems

Molecular Biology of Microbial Growth

Viruses and Their Replication

Microbial Systems Biology

Viral Genomics, Diversity, and Ecology

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Microorganisms

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Microbial Eukarya

Taking the Measure of Microbial Systems

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Symbioses with Humans

Microbial Infection and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-to-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Waterborne and Foodborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungi, Protozoans, and Helminths

Filters

Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have surface-to-volume ratios, causing nutrient exchange.