Exam 26: Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

Localized infections by pyogenic bacteria often form boils or abscesses.

Anticoagulants promote the clotting of blood.

Phagocytes interact speedily and effectively with pathogens because they have evolved specialized molecules called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that interact directly with PAMPs.

Antibodies are insoluble proteins.

DiGeorgeʹs syndrome is a developmental defect that prevents the maturation of the thymus. What cell type would be reduced by this condition?

A(n) ________ is a group of sequentially interacting proteins important in innate and adaptive immunity.

Cells that can engulf foreign particles, and can ingest, kill, and digest most bacterial pathogens are called

The ability of humans to resist a disease is called

Some intracellular pathogens produce phagocyte-killing proteins called ________ that kill the phagocyte after ingestion of the pathogen.

The first cell type active in the innate response is usually a(n)

Dendritic cells are phagocytes with antigen-presenting properties.

The rapid increase in adaptive immunity after a second antigen exposure is called

The increased rate of O₂ uptake by activated phagocytes is called the

How is immune memory beneficial to a host organism?

Chemokines are a group of small proteins that

Why do individuals with genetic defects that prevent neutrophil or macrophage development usually die at an early age? Be specific and detailed in your answer to demonstrate your knowledge on the role of these cells in the immune system.

An example of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) is

What is antigen presentation? Why is antigen presentation important for long-term immunity?

Dead phagocytes make up much of the material of pus.

The enhancement of phagocytosis due to deposition of antibody on the surface of a pathogen or antigen is called