Question 1

The cells active in both innate and adaptive immunity develop from common pluripotent precursors in the bone marrow called

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells. 
B)  killer cells. 
C)  stem cells. 
D)  leukocytes. 
A)  B cells. 
B)  killer cells. 
C)  stem cells. 
D)  leukocytes.

Question 2

Adaptive immunity occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  death results from pathogen infection. 
B)  the innate immune response is overly effective. 
C)  a broad, rapid response is needed to a wide range of pathogens from the body regardless of the specific type of pathogen. 
D)  the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body and virulent infections persist after the initial innate defense response. 
A)  death results from pathogen infection. 
B)  the innate immune response is overly effective. 
C)  a broad, rapid response is needed to a wide range of pathogens from the body regardless of the specific type of pathogen. 
D)  the innate immune response fails to eliminate pathogens in the body and virulent infections persist after the initial innate defense response.

Question 3

Interaction of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) with a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) results in

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis. 
B)  transmembrane signal transduction that initiates transcription of genes involved in phagocytosis, inflammation, and pathogen killing. 
C)  molecular activation of the adaptive immune system. 
D)  a superantigen reaction that can cause septic shock. 
A)  formation of transmembrane pores that cause cell lysis. 
B)  transmembrane signal transduction that initiates transcription of genes involved in phagocytosis, inflammation, and pathogen killing. 
C)  molecular activation of the adaptive immune system. 
D)  a superantigen reaction that can cause septic shock.

Question 4

Streptococcus pyogenes produces proteins called ________, which alter(s) the surface of the pathogen and inhibits phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolipids 
B)  leukocidins 
C)  M proteins 
D)  pus 
A)  glycolipids 
B)  leukocidins 
C)  M proteins 
D)  pus

Question 5

The presence of neutrophils in higher than normal numbers in the blood or at a site of inflammation indicates an active response to a current infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The cytoplasmic domains of immunoglobulins and TCRs have cytoplasmic tyrosines that can be phosphorylated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How do phagocytes interact speedily and effectively with pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes have evolved specialized mole

Question 8

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

Accepted Answer

Both B cells and T cells are called lymp

Question 9

The process by which antibodies block interactions between pathogens or their products and host cells is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  attenuation. 
B)  complement. 
C)  interference. 
D)  neutralization. 
A)  attenuation. 
B)  complement. 
C)  interference. 
D)  neutralization.

Question 10

The first defense cells that interact with a pathogen in the body are

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  B cells. 
D)  mast cells. 
A)  T cells. 
B)  macrophages. 
C)  B cells. 
D)  mast cells.

Question 11

Which of the following is a likely target for a toll-like receptor (TLR)?

Accepted Answer

A)  tumor necrosis factor 
B)  interleukin IV 
C)  flagellin 
D)  insulin 
A)  tumor necrosis factor 
B)  interleukin IV 
C)  flagellin 
D)  insulin

Question 12

Immunity results from the actions of cells that circulate throughout the body, primarily through the blood and lymph.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Antigen receptors can directly connect to signal transduction pathways because immunoglobulins and TCRs have very small cytoplasmic domains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The T cell, with its T cell receptor, can recognize antigens only when the antigens are complexed with self proteins known as major histocompatibility complex found on host cell surfaces.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 26: Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

The cells active in both innate and adaptive immunity develop from common pluripotent precursors in the bone marrow called

Adaptive immunity occurs when

Interaction of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) with a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) results in

Streptococcus pyogenes produces proteins called ________, which alter(s) the surface of the pathogen and inhibits phagocytosis.

The presence of neutrophils in higher than normal numbers in the blood or at a site of inflammation indicates an active response to a current infection.

The cytoplasmic domains of immunoglobulins and TCRs have cytoplasmic tyrosines that can be phosphorylated.

How do phagocytes interact speedily and effectively with pathogens?

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

The process by which antibodies block interactions between pathogens or their products and host cells is termed

The first defense cells that interact with a pathogen in the body are

Which of the following is a likely target for a toll-like receptor (TLR)?

Immunity results from the actions of cells that circulate throughout the body, primarily through the blood and lymph.

Antigen receptors can directly connect to signal transduction pathways because immunoglobulins and TCRs have very small cytoplasmic domains.

The T cell, with its T cell receptor, can recognize antigens only when the antigens are complexed with self proteins known as major histocompatibility complex found on host cell surfaces.

The Microbial World

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Information Flow and Protein Processing

Microbial Growth and Its Control

Microbial Regulatory Systems

Molecular Biology of Microbial Growth

Viruses and Their Replication

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Viral Genomics, Diversity, and Ecology

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Microorganisms

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Microbial Eukarya

Taking the Measure of Microbial Systems

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Symbioses with Humans

Microbial Infection and Pathogenesis

Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

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Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

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Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungi, Protozoans, and Helminths

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