Exam 9: Language and Thinking

Lalling is a sign that the child has hit which age milestone?

Which happens more frequently: death by asthma or death by tornadoes? People typically believe that tornadoes cause more deaths, but statistics reveal that asthma actually causes significantly more deaths. Some researchers argue that we make this error because TV news dramatically publicizes deaths due to tornadoes, which presumably makes it much easier for us to call up these examples. This particular finding is best considered as an example of a judgment error caused by ________.

A pharmacologist has invented a new drug that drastically reduces depression. But the side effects of the drug are somewhat damaging to the patient's health. The pharmacologist is considering whether they can modify the drug to reduce the side effects. In which stage of problem solving is this pharmacologist?

A morpheme is considered to be the smallest unit of _____________ in a language.

How does divergent thinking relate to creativity? What is meant by incubation?

The fact that a child will generally have great difficulty learning a second language if he or she is first exposed to it after puberty is generally taken as evidence that language acquisition has a sensitive period.

Visually scanning between two objects on a real map takes longer as the objects get farther apart. When people scan between two objects on a mental image of a map ________.

Before 6 months of age, infants around the world are able to perceive _______________, but at about 6 months of age they begin to discriminate _____________.

Many customs officials will use a profile to stop people at the airport. That is, they predict that if you are a certain type of person, you may be carrying contraband. This strategy is an example of

Let's say that you are looking at the following image: o. If you were asked to draw the image and your drawing was this: C, we might expect

The term syntax refers to the rules that govern the organization of the surface structure of a language, while the rules that determine how symbols are connected to what they represent are referred to as ______________.

Differentiate between surface structure and deep structure. Describe the hierarchy of language.

Distinguish between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. How do irrelevant information, belief bias and framing influence reasoning?

When considering language, a psychologist would propose that language influences how we think?

We use specific cases to develop a general principle with ____________ reasoning.

Researchers have found that to guide problem solving in their fields, experts in many different areas all rely heavily on the use of _________.

Procedures that result in a correct solution every time are called ____________, whereas procedures that sometimes, but not always, result in a correct solution are called _____________.

Let's say that when you buy a book you always go to Amazon and download a digital copy. Your best friend doesn't do it this way. She prefers to go to a book store and get a paper copy. So when it comes to "buying books" you and your friend have a different

Propositions, which are the basic units of semantic memory that form the mental categories into which we place objects, activities, and abstractions, are created by combining _________________.

Women often show less severe aphasic responses than men to a stroke in the left hemisphere. Why might this be the case?