Exam 9: Language and Thinking

What role do uncertainty and heuristics play in decision-making? How do the representativeness and availability heuristics distort probability judgments?

Following a car accident, Mr. Jones had severe damage to Wernicke's area. At the hospital, the brain scan is most likely to show damage to ______ and he will have ______.

A mental representation of the way ice cream tastes is an example of __________, whereas the expression "I wish I had some ice cream right now" is an example of __________.

Which of the following is NOT a cue used in speech segmentation?

What is mental imagery? Give two examples of how researchers have studied mental imagery. Does research support the view that mental images are perceptual in nature? Use one of your examples to support your argument.

The study of the practical aspects of language and how it occurs in a social context is known as

Jeff has been working on a particular problem for several weeks but he isn't making any progress on it. He decides to put the problem aside for a few weeks and return to it later. Which of the following problem-solving strategies is he using?

If you want an average weight of 10 dogs, you could add up their total weight and then divide by 10 (the number of dogs). This strategy would work every time and always give you the correct average because it is a(n) ________.

Believing what we want to believe such as believing that the exam was very hard even though the class average was high is a type of a confirmation bias?

You are trying to imagine how you are going to toss your keys across the crowded room to your friend. This is an example of

When you read a section in your introductory psychology textbook, you are reading language units larger than a sentence. This level of language hierarchy is called

Studies have shown that, overall, students are able to make very accurate judgments of how well they understand material they have read.

When using means-ends analysis, another heuristic is also often utilized where intermediate steps toward a solution are formulated. This heuristic is called _________.

Broca's area is to Wernicke's area as

You are on a small boat and need to anchor it to keep it from moving. All you have on board is a hammer and the clothes on your back. You realize that you could take off your shirt, rip it into strips, tie them together and finally tie the strips to the hammer and use this as an anchor. Here you have avoided the problem of

If you wanted to solve a problem as quickly as possible, you would probably use

The sentence, "The police help murder victims" has

Let's say that I ask you to tell me what you are going to do this summer. You say that you plan to take a trip to Europe. What property of language does your description of your plans illustrate?

A friend is trying to solve a problem and you have an idea about how to solve it. You translate your idea into words and tell the person your idea for solving the problem. You have transferred your idea from your mind to your friend's mind. In this example, your idea is considered an example of

I want you to think about the last time you were dancing. You probably are thinking about moving in specific patterns in time to the music. This thinking pattern is best described as