Exam 9: Language and Thinking

The essential properties that define this ability are that it is symbolic, has structure, conveys meaning and is generative. This ability is

Research using fMRIs found that men exhibit greater left-hemisphere activation during language tasks compared to women.

General problem-solving strategies that often involve short cuts and may or may not generate the correct answer are called ______________.

Using "inner speech," Kayla says to herself "I should go to the library now." Kayla is using __________.

Nadalia is a physician who works in the emergency room at a local hospital. In medical school, she learned a variety of schemas that help her decide who needs immediate care, what kinds of sicknesses patients have, and how best to treat them. Her patients rely on her to know what to do to help them. Based on this information, we can say that Nadalia has _______________ in emergency medicine.

What problem-solving pitfall was demonstrated by Luchins' water jars in which the tendency to stick to solutions that have worked in the past results in less effective problem-solving?

Many people "talk with their hands" when they speak. Why?

Professor Lee has just conducted an observational study looking at the types of cars driven by students versus professors. He notes that professors tend to drive more expensive cars and concludes that they are more likely in a position to afford them. Professor Lee has come to this conclusion through

'Escape rooms' are games in which players have to interpret clues and solve puzzles to move through, or 'escape' from, a series of rooms. You decide to go to one with some friends. On the way there, one of your friends insists the puzzles will be easy. After completing the game, that same friend references the one puzzle that everyone in your team agreed was easy. However, when you ask them about the other puzzles that you found difficult, they admit they forgot about those. What could explain this phenomenon?

Thinking of the action of dribbling a basketball is an example of __________ thought.

What is the linguistic relativity hypothesis? How has this hypothesis held up to empirical tests? Provide an example.

Noam Chomsky proposed that humans are born with a ____________, which is an innate biological mechanism that contains the general grammatical rules common in all languages.

'Escape rooms' are games in which players have to interpret clues and solve puzzles to move through, or 'escape' from, a series of rooms. You decide to go to one with some friends. Your team is unable to complete the last puzzle and 'give up', leaving the game without finding out the solution. Later that night, without intending to think about the puzzle, a possible solution occurs to you. What could explain your behaviour?

Research by Perani and coworkers on how different languages are processed in the brains of bilinguals found, in PET scans, that

What are phonemes, morphemes, and discourse? Where do they fit in the hierarchy of language?

While at the park, 19-month-old Suzy points to the swing set and says, "Push swing!" After she has had enough and wants to leave, she turns to her father and says, "Go car." Phrases such as these are called

Inductive reasoning is to deductive reasoning as

A patient admitted to the hospital with a suspected stroke. The neurologist is performing testing and asks the patient what did you do today? The patient struggles to produce an answer and after 2 minutes of struggle says "went town". The neurologist determines that the patient has a stroke affecting the Wernicke area of the brain?

A math student is working at a difficult mathematics problem. The student is using __________ to solve the problem.

What are concepts, and how do they enter into propositions? How are prototypes involved in concept formation?