Exam 9: Language and Thinking

Peter strongly believes that global warming is a hoax. So he tends to only hang out with friends who think the same, and refuses to read any "balanced" scientific reports. Peter is demonstrating the concept of

Collecting factual information is the foundation of deductive reasoning?

"Metamemory" refers to ________.

When both languages have been well learned, bilingualism appears to be related to less flexible thinking and lower performance on nonverbal intelligence tests.

Your best friend's young daughter has just started to speak using telegraphic speech. What would you expect to be in these communications?

What are some components of wisdom? How do wisdom and expertise differ?

The four stages of the problem-solving process are (1) framing the problem, (2) __________, (3) testing solutions, and (4) evaluating results.

Which problem-solving pitfall is revealed by Luchins' water jars problems?

How many morphemes are in the word "airlines"?

Jorge is thinking about all of the things he can do when solving a problem. He knows that he has a good memory, can use deductive reasoning, avoids functional fixedness, etc. For Jorge, his thoughts reflect his use of

According to the text, the best thing you can do to test your ideas is to attempt to disprove them. But people don't often do this because of a phenomenon known as ___________.

Functional fixedness and mental sets are similar in that they are both ________.

In their most basic form, these statements express facts and consist of concepts that are combined in a particular way. These statements are called

Sam enjoys action movies, science fiction novels, weightlifting, and football. One day Sam hopes to become an aerospace engineer or a physics professor. Based on this information, most people will assume that Sam is male due to the _____________ heuristic.

The prefix "un" in the word "unusual" is an example of a

To consistently solve a certain type of problem correctly, it is advantageous to use a(n) ____________.

When passing through a remote town, Neil and Sunil are very hungry and visit the only restaurant they can find. This is an old restaurant, with a faded menu card. Although the names of many dishes are unclear and rubbed off, Neil and Sunil are able to interpret the partially legible items on the menu card. Neil and Sunil are employing __________ to read the menu card.

Olivia is writing an email to her professor. She writes it the same way she'd write an email to her friend. Her first line reads, "Hey, how u doing? Yr office hours aren't good for me. Can I pop over now?" What language rule has Olivia violated?

Whereas most people tend to be overconfident in the accuracy of their judgments, professionals who make predictions for a living such as military strategists and weather forecasters do not show a bias toward being overconfident.

Seth is interested in studying individuals' ability to recognize phonemes present in different languages. Seth's research interests lie in the area of