Exam 13: Development of the Self and Social Cognition

Jiao is trying to get two pieces of a puzzle to fit together.She works on it for several minutes, and when she succeeds, she quickly looks up at her mother and says, "Look, Mommy." Based on this information, approximately how old is Jaio?

According to Barenboim's research findings, what changes occur in children's descriptions of others between the ages of 8 and 11?

Which of the following best describes the incremental view of ability?

Coral scored 100 percent on her statistics midterm.If Coral makes an internal-stable attribution for her success, what is she most likely to say?

According to the research of Berndt and Perry, when adolescents reach stage 3 or 4 of Selman's stages of social perspective taking, their notions of friendship change.At this point, what do adolescents believe is an important aspect of friendship?

Which of the following parental behaviours are most strongly associated with high levels of self-esteem in their children?

According to Dweck, which of the following would a child with a mastery orientation offer as a reason for failure on a test?

Which of the following best summarizes the research findings of Doyle and Aboud regarding prejudicial attitudes in preschool children?

What characterizes the parental behaviour of those children who show a low need to achieve?

According to researchers, when do children first begin to assess their competence by using a peer group for reference?

Recent research has identified bullying as a significant contributor to self-esteem.What percentage of students admitted to bullying others?

How do levels of self-esteem differ between children raised in collectivist societies and children raised in individualistic societies?

Which concept relates best to the finding that self-knowledge and self-esteem depend, to a large extent, on how others perceive and react to a child's behaviour?

List and describe three of the first dimensions that toddlers typically incorporate into their categorical self.

Secure attachment is related to self-awareness, as shown by which of the following accurately reported findings from research?

Describe the "spot-of-rouge test" of self-recognition and the typical responses that are seen in 9-month-old, 16-month-old, and 21-month-old infants.

During middle childhood new dimensions of global self-esteem affect the self-appraisals of males and females in different ways.Identify and describe the factors associated with high and low self-esteem in both males and females as they reach the late elementary school years.

Suppose that you are conducting naturalistic research on the content of children's self-descriptions.You have gathered data from a group of children in kindergarten who were asked to describe themselves in a few short sentences at a school recital.Based upon current research, which of the following statements would be typical of your participants?

Like Piaget, Nelson and Aboud emphasize peer experience as an important contributor to role-taking skills.According their views, in which of the following situations would peer influence be greatest?

According to Harter, how do 8-year-old children rate themselves regarding their social, cognitive, and physical competencies?