Exam 13: Development of the Self and Social Cognition

What is the Pre-school Implicit Association Test (PSIAT)?

During which phase of achievement do children expect disapproval following failures?

On average, mirror self-recognition typically emerges at the same age regardless of culture.What does this imply about self-recognition?

In comparison to the friendships of younger children, what characterizes those of older children?

Explain the technique of attribution retraining, and discuss the success of this technique in assisting children and adolescents with a learned-helplessness style of achievement motivation.Discuss the results of research on the effects of person praise versus process-oriented praise on performance goals and learning goals.

Suppose you observe a group of students who have just received the results of a midterm test.Based on current research findings, which of the following reasons would a student who views academic success as a valued attribute give for a high mark?

Why is measuring young children's self-esteem through self-report difficult?

Discuss the evidence for and against the notion that newborns have a rudimentary sense of self.

Unlike many of her classmates, Zoe is excited to take her compulsory statistics course.She views it as an opportunity to display her competency in mathematics and logical reasoning.Given this scenario, which type of achievement orientation does Zoe have?

Which of the following teacher comments would be most likely to encourage a child to exert more effort on a task rather than to give up?

According to Erik Erikson, what is the major developmental hurdle that adolescents face?

Early research indicated that 3-month-old white infants were better at recognizing the faces of white women over the faces of Asian women.What does recent research suggest?

How do preschool children most commonly describe themselves?

At what point in the development of self-recognition does the present self emerge?

Which parenting style is typical of parents whose children have low levels of achievement motivation?

According to Barenboim's research findings, what characterizes the descriptions of others that are used by the majority of 12- to 16-year-olds?

According to most developmentalists, what aspect of an individual's achievement motivation is determined by the stability dimension?

Ivy considers Seneca to be her friend because Seneca does nice things for her, such as sharing candy or toys.When Ivy has candy or new toys, however, she does not feel any obligation to share these with Seneca.With respect to Selman's stages of social perspective taking, at which stage is Ivy most likely to be?

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the principle of learned helplessness?

Reem understands that even when she and her friend have the same information, they may have different points of view; however, Reem is not able to simultaneously consider her and her friend's perspectives.What aspect of role taking is exemplified by Reem's abilities?