Exam 25: Bacteria and Archaea

Describe endotoxins and exotoxins. What effects do they each have on infected persons?

Why is penicillin ineffective against gram-negative bacteria?

Although bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on:

Bacterial ____ cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial ____ cause more specific maladies.

Which statement about an F factor is FALSE?

The Archaea plasma membranes are made up of branched-chain hydrocarbons bounded to glycerol by:

What are the small circles of DNA that exist within the bacterial cytoplasm in addition to the bacterial chromosome?

Where would you likely find Euryarchaeota bacteria?

Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by the processes of binary fission, budding, and transformation.

Which was the first bacterium to be clearly identified as the cause of an infectious disease?

Woese disproved the prevailing views of spontaneous generation by demonstrating that sterilization of a sugar and protein culture prevented bacterial growth.

Lactic-acid bacteria are used for:

Which statement about bioremediation is FALSE?

What is a chain of round bacteria called?

The dense cytoplasm of the prokaryote contains ribosomes and storage granules. ____________________

List the characteristics of the following groups and identify examples for each: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.

After an endospore forms, the cell membrane of the original cell lyses, releasing the endospore. ____________________

Discuss the distinction between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In the laboratory, how is this determined? What are differences between these two groups of bacteria?