Question 1

The sun compass requires integration of the sun's position and

Accepted Answer

A)  the direction of Earth's movement. 
B)  circadian time information. 
C)  polarized light information. 
D)  the direction of magnetic north. 
A)  the direction of Earth's movement. 
B)  circadian time information. 
C)  polarized light information. 
D)  the direction of magnetic north. B

Question 2

Refer to the figure shown.
  Suppose that the time at point I is 1:00 pm (under normal conditions). The pigeon's circadian clock is then shifted 3 hours backward. What direction heading will it then take at 7:00 am?

Accepted Answer

A)  South 
B)  East 
C)  Southeast 
D)  Southwest 
A)  South 
B)  East 
C)  Southeast 
D)  Southwest D

Question 3

Refer to the figure shown.
  The illustrations, which were generated from data on indigo buntings held in a planetarium, show which navigational strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Olfactory cue navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Olfactory cue navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation A

Question 4

Refer to the figure shown.
  The illustration on the right represents an experimental treatment in which

Accepted Answer

A)  the magnetic field was reversed. 
B)  circadian rhythm was shifted by 12 hours. 
C)  all sensory information was removed. 
D)  the star pattern was reversed. 
A)  the magnetic field was reversed. 
B)  circadian rhythm was shifted by 12 hours. 
C)  all sensory information was removed. 
D)  the star pattern was reversed.

Question 5

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which number(s) encode(s) information about the distance to the food source?

Accepted Answer

A)  I and III 
B)  II 
C)  IV 
D)  V 
A)  I and III 
B)  II 
C)  IV 
D)  V

Question 6

Refer to the figure shown.
  What did the experimental procedure reveal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Desert ants use trail following for homing. 
B)  Desert ants use path integration for homing. 
C)  Desert ants use compass navigation. 
D)  Desert ants use landmarks in navigation. 
A)  Desert ants use trail following for homing. 
B)  Desert ants use path integration for homing. 
C)  Desert ants use compass navigation. 
D)  Desert ants use landmarks in navigation.

Question 7

Honeybees use _______ to estimate distances between the hive and food sources.

Accepted Answer

A)  the sun 
B)  landmarks 
C)  optic flow 
D)  flight proprioception 
A)  the sun 
B)  landmarks 
C)  optic flow 
D)  flight proprioception

Question 8

Which of the following is not one of the five behavioral strategies animals use to navigate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piloting 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Map-and-compass navigation 
D)  Map navigation 
A)  Piloting 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Map-and-compass navigation 
D)  Map navigation

Question 9

Refer to the figure shown.
  The illustration on the right represents an experimental treatment in which

Accepted Answer

A)  the magnetic field was reversed. 
B)  circadian rhythm was shifted by 12 hours. 
C)  all sensory information was removed. 
D)  the star pattern was reversed. 
A)  the magnetic field was reversed. 
B)  circadian rhythm was shifted by 12 hours. 
C)  all sensory information was removed. 
D)  the star pattern was reversed.

Question 10

Arthropods such as bees use their magnetic compass to sense _______ of Earth's magnetic field.

Accepted Answer

A)  the polar component 
B)  the inclination component 
C)  the variation in amplitude 
D)  either the polar component or the inclination component 
A)  the polar component 
B)  the inclination component 
C)  the variation in amplitude 
D)  either the polar component or the inclination component

Question 11

Refer to the figure shown.
  What process is illustrated by the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Migration 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Homing 
D)  Trail following 
A)  Migration 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Homing 
D)  Trail following

Question 12

Refer to the figure shown.
  The data shown in the figure refer to which navigational strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Olfactory cue navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Olfactory cue navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation

Question 13

Which statement regarding the moon as a compass is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many animals use the moon as a compass, but only at night. 
B)  Many animals use the moon as a compass, but only during the day. 
C)  Only aquatic animals can use the moon as a compass. 
D)  Animals do not use the moon as a compass. 
A)  Many animals use the moon as a compass, but only at night. 
B)  Many animals use the moon as a compass, but only during the day. 
C)  Only aquatic animals can use the moon as a compass. 
D)  Animals do not use the moon as a compass.

Question 14

Which animal best demonstrates the innate component of navigation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pigeons 
B)  Monarch butterflies 
C)  European starlings 
D)  Honeybees 
A)  Pigeons 
B)  Monarch butterflies 
C)  European starlings 
D)  Honeybees

Question 15

Refer to the figure shown.
  Panel A illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  migration. 
B)  path integration. 
C)  homing. 
D)  trail following. 
A)  migration. 
B)  path integration. 
C)  homing. 
D)  trail following.

Question 16

In a classic experiment, Nikkolaas Tinbergen showed that digger wasps can use

Accepted Answer

A)  flowers as landmarks for piloting. 
B)  pinecones as landmarks for navigation. 
C)  landmarks for remembering the locations of hidden food. 
D)  pheromones as olfactory cues for trail following. 
A)  flowers as landmarks for piloting. 
B)  pinecones as landmarks for navigation. 
C)  landmarks for remembering the locations of hidden food. 
D)  pheromones as olfactory cues for trail following.

Question 17

Which animal does not use magnetic information for navigation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indigo Buntings 
B)  Monarch butterflies 
C)  Turtles 
D)  Pigeons 
A)  Indigo Buntings 
B)  Monarch butterflies 
C)  Turtles 
D)  Pigeons

Question 18

Refer to the figure shown.
  Based on the information presented in the figure, this bird uses which type of navigational strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piloting 
B)  Compass navigation 
C)  Path integration 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Piloting 
B)  Compass navigation 
C)  Path integration 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation

Question 19

How do animals use polarized light for compass information?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can detect the angle of polarization. 
B)  They can detect the gradients in the degree of light polarization. 
C)  They can relate polarized light to direct light information coming from the sun. 
D)  They can detect the angle of polarization and relate polarized light to direct light information coming from the sun. 
A)  They can detect the angle of polarization. 
B)  They can detect the gradients in the degree of light polarization. 
C)  They can relate polarized light to direct light information coming from the sun. 
D)  They can detect the angle of polarization and relate polarized light to direct light information coming from the sun.

Question 20

Use the example of a sun compass to explain what a compass is and how it is used.

Accepted Answer

A compass is a mechanism that indicates

Exam 18: Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

The sun compass requires integration of the sun's position and

Refer to the figure shown. Suppose that the time at point I is 1:00 pm (under normal conditions). The pigeon's circadian clock is then shifted 3 hours backward. What direction heading will it then take at 7:00 am?

Refer to the figure shown. The illustrations, which were generated from data on indigo buntings held in a planetarium, show which navigational strategy?

Refer to the figure shown. The illustration on the right represents an experimental treatment in which

Refer to the figure shown. Which number(s) encode(s) information about the distance to the food source?

Refer to the figure shown. What did the experimental procedure reveal?

Honeybees use _______ to estimate distances between the hive and food sources.

Which of the following is not one of the five behavioral strategies animals use to navigate?

Refer to the figure shown. The illustration on the right represents an experimental treatment in which

Arthropods such as bees use their magnetic compass to sense _______ of Earth's magnetic field.

Refer to the figure shown. What process is illustrated by the figure?

Refer to the figure shown. The data shown in the figure refer to which navigational strategy?

Which statement regarding the moon as a compass is true?

Which animal best demonstrates the innate component of navigation?

Refer to the figure shown. Panel A illustrates

In a classic experiment, Nikkolaas Tinbergen showed that digger wasps can use

Which animal does not use magnetic information for navigation?

Refer to the figure shown. Based on the information presented in the figure, this bird uses which type of navigational strategy?

How do animals use polarized light for compass information?

Use the example of a sun compass to explain what a compass is and how it is used.

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

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