Question 1

_______ can tolerate a body temperature of _______, one of the highest body temperatures recorded for any vertebrate animal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans; 50°C 
B)  Thermophilic archaea; 100°C 
C)  The desert iguana; 48.5°C 
D)  Sea stars; 45.5°C 
A)  Humans; 50°C 
B)  Thermophilic archaea; 100°C 
C)  The desert iguana; 48.5°C 
D)  Sea stars; 45.5°C C

Question 2

Because of _______, populations of the mosquito Culex pipiens are experiencing increased resistance to organophosphates and _______ in areas where organophosphates are sprayed.

Accepted Answer

A)  pleiotropy; reduced cold tolerance 
B)  maladaptation; all other insecticides 
C)  nonadaptive evolution; accelerated larval developmental stages 
D)  natural selection; altered sex ratios 
A)  pleiotropy; reduced cold tolerance 
B)  maladaptation; all other insecticides 
C)  nonadaptive evolution; accelerated larval developmental stages 
D)  natural selection; altered sex ratios A

Question 3

A water temperature of 6°C can be lethal for both tropical fish and Antarctic fish-explain.

Accepted Answer

Not all fish species are able to survive at all water temperatures, even if given years to acclimate. Most tropical fish will die if cooled (even slowly) to 6°C. In contrast, Antarctic fish species have evolved for millions of years at -1.9°C, and even slowly warming them to 6°C will kill them.

Question 4

Refer to the figure shown.
  According to the figure, what is the expected gestation period of a warthog?

Accepted Answer

A)  20 weeks 
B)  24 weeks 
C)  30 weeks 
D)  55 weeks 
A)  20 weeks 
B)  24 weeks 
C)  30 weeks 
D)  55 weeks

Question 5

Certain _______ can tolerate almost complete desiccation.

Accepted Answer

A)  toads 
B)  tardigrades 
C)  marine bony fish 
D)  goldfish 
A)  toads 
B)  tardigrades 
C)  marine bony fish 
D)  goldfish

Question 6

Which statement regarding the Antarctic fish species rock cod is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species have no hemoglobin. 
B)  The fish metabolically synthesize antifreeze to keep from freezing. 
C)  The fish live their entire lives at body temperatures near -1.6°C. 
D)  If acclimated slowly enough, the fish can survive in tropical waters. 
A)  Some species have no hemoglobin. 
B)  The fish metabolically synthesize antifreeze to keep from freezing. 
C)  The fish live their entire lives at body temperatures near -1.6°C. 
D)  If acclimated slowly enough, the fish can survive in tropical waters.

Question 7

Describe how the density layering of water can create anoxic zones.

Accepted Answer

Warmer water is less dense than colder w

Question 8

Research in the field of _______ physiology emphasizes synthesis across levels of biological organization.

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary 
B)  comparative 
C)  environmental 
D)  integrative 
A)  evolutionary 
B)  comparative 
C)  environmental 
D)  integrative

Question 9

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which technique for the study of adaptation was used to generate the data shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studies of laboratory populations over many generations 
B)  Single-generation studies of individual variation 
C)  Creation of variation for study 
D)  Studies of genetic structures of natural populations 
A)  Studies of laboratory populations over many generations 
B)  Single-generation studies of individual variation 
C)  Creation of variation for study 
D)  Studies of genetic structures of natural populations

Question 10

The raw material(s) for evolution is(are)

Accepted Answer

A)  trait variation. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  clines. 
D)  alleles. 
A)  trait variation. 
B)  natural selection. 
C)  clines. 
D)  alleles.

Question 11

_______ is an example of "abandoning constancy" during thermoregulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sweating 
B)  Shivering 
C)  Hibernating 
D)  Huddling 
A)  Sweating 
B)  Shivering 
C)  Hibernating 
D)  Huddling

Question 12

Which of the five timeframes in which physiology changes is represented by phenotypic plasticity? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

Phenotypic plasticity refers to the chro

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
  What statistical method was used to draw the trend line in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phylogenetically independent contrasts 
B)  Ordinary least squares regression 
C)  Weight-specific mean 
D)  Logarithmic scaling 
A)  Phylogenetically independent contrasts 
B)  Ordinary least squares regression 
C)  Weight-specific mean 
D)  Logarithmic scaling

Question 14

Choose the best example of an animal changing its environment at the global scale.

Accepted Answer

A)  a squirrel using a hole in a tree as a burrow 
B)  locusts decimating an agricultural crop in the Midwest U.S. 
C)  the invasive species altering Florida's community structure 
D)  the use of fossil fuels 
A)  a squirrel using a hole in a tree as a burrow 
B)  locusts decimating an agricultural crop in the Midwest U.S. 
C)  the invasive species altering Florida's community structure 
D)  the use of fossil fuels

Question 15

Why is studying salmon migration important to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studying salmon migration is important to salmon but not necessarily to humans. 
B)  Salmon and humans can harbor many of the same diseases. 
C)  Salmon are an important source of food for humans. 
D)  Salmon are an important food source for many local vertebrate species. 
A)  Studying salmon migration is important to salmon but not necessarily to humans. 
B)  Salmon and humans can harbor many of the same diseases. 
C)  Salmon are an important source of food for humans. 
D)  Salmon are an important food source for many local vertebrate species.

Question 16

The shift in gene frequencies in smaller populations because of random deaths is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  evolution. 
B)  nonadaptive evolution. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  pleiotropy. 
A)  evolution. 
B)  nonadaptive evolution. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  pleiotropy.

Question 17

Rainbow trout captured and brought into a lab aquarium undergo a chronic adjustment to the conditions in the lab. This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotypic plasticity. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  acclimatization. 
D)  acclimation. 
A)  phenotypic plasticity. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  acclimatization. 
D)  acclimation.

Question 18

Which statement regarding animals is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no distinction between an animal and its environment. 
B)  Once adults, animals are structurally static. 
C)  All animals require energy to maintain their organization. 
D)  Body size is significant in the lives of only small animals. 
A)  There is no distinction between an animal and its environment. 
B)  Once adults, animals are structurally static. 
C)  All animals require energy to maintain their organization. 
D)  Body size is significant in the lives of only small animals.

Question 19

Refer to the figure shown.
  Assuming the trait measured in this figure is heritable,

Accepted Answer

A)  there can be no basis for natural selection to act on this trait. 
B)  there is no variation from which natural selection can act on this trait. 
C)  natural selection acts on the individuals with extreme trait measurements. 
D)  the variation provides the raw material for natural selection. 
A)  there can be no basis for natural selection to act on this trait. 
B)  there is no variation from which natural selection can act on this trait. 
C)  natural selection acts on the individuals with extreme trait measurements. 
D)  the variation provides the raw material for natural selection.

Question 20

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which graph refers to a physiological trait that is regulated by an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Exam 1: Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

_______ can tolerate a body temperature of _______, one of the highest body temperatures recorded for any vertebrate animal.

Because of _______, populations of the mosquito Culex pipiens are experiencing increased resistance to organophosphates and _______ in areas where organophosphates are sprayed.

A water temperature of 6°C can be lethal for both tropical fish and Antarctic fish-explain.

Refer to the figure shown. According to the figure, what is the expected gestation period of a warthog?

Certain _______ can tolerate almost complete desiccation.

Which statement regarding the Antarctic fish species rock cod is false?

Describe how the density layering of water can create anoxic zones.

Research in the field of _______ physiology emphasizes synthesis across levels of biological organization.

Refer to the figure shown. Which technique for the study of adaptation was used to generate the data shown in the figure?

The raw material(s) for evolution is(are)

_______ is an example of "abandoning constancy" during thermoregulation.

Which of the five timeframes in which physiology changes is represented by phenotypic plasticity? Give an example.

Refer to the figure shown. What statistical method was used to draw the trend line in the figure?

Choose the best example of an animal changing its environment at the global scale.

Why is studying salmon migration important to humans?

The shift in gene frequencies in smaller populations because of random deaths is referred to as

Rainbow trout captured and brought into a lab aquarium undergo a chronic adjustment to the conditions in the lab. This process is called

Which statement regarding animals is true?

Refer to the figure shown. Assuming the trait measured in this figure is heritable,

Refer to the figure shown. Which graph refers to a physiological trait that is regulated by an organism?

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

Filters

_ can tolerate a body temperature of _, one of the highest body temperatures recorded for any vertebrate animal.

Because of _, populations of the mosquito Culex pipiens are experiencing increased resistance to organophosphates and _ in areas where organophosphates are sprayed.