Question 1

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which navigational strategy is illustrated by the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Magnetic compass navigation 
B)  Polarized-light compass navigation 
C)  Sun compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Magnetic compass navigation 
B)  Polarized-light compass navigation 
C)  Sun compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation

Question 2

Nocturnal migrants tend to use

Accepted Answer

A)  a star compass. 
B)  a magnetic compass. 
C)  olfactory cues. 
D)  map-and-compass navigation. 
A)  a star compass. 
B)  a magnetic compass. 
C)  olfactory cues. 
D)  map-and-compass navigation.

Question 3

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which is the most accurate conclusion that can be derived from the data illustrated in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Juvenile birds migrate for longer distances than adults do. 
B)  Captured birds respond differently from naturally migrating birds. 
C)  Migrating adult and juvenile starlings respond differently to displacement. 
D)  Juvenile birds compensate for displacement by using map-and-compass navigation. 
A)  Juvenile birds migrate for longer distances than adults do. 
B)  Captured birds respond differently from naturally migrating birds. 
C)  Migrating adult and juvenile starlings respond differently to displacement. 
D)  Juvenile birds compensate for displacement by using map-and-compass navigation.

Question 4

The critical area for vertebrate spatial learning and memory is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  cerebrum. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  cerebrum.

Question 5

Discuss how navigational abilities promote reproductive success, and provide an example.

Accepted Answer

Many animals reproduce at a time and pla

Question 6

A _______ is a mechanism that indicates geographical direction.

Accepted Answer

A)  map 
B)  landmark 
C)  heading 
D)  compass 
A)  map 
B)  landmark 
C)  heading 
D)  compass

Question 7

Which cells are involved in the active map-and-compass navigation of a rat in a nonuniform environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place cells 
B)  Head direction cells 
C)  Grid cells 
D)  Both place cells and head direction cells 
A)  Place cells 
B)  Head direction cells 
C)  Grid cells 
D)  Both place cells and head direction cells

Question 8

What is the adaptive significance of the honeybee waggle dance and how is information coded in this dance?

Accepted Answer

The adaptive significance of the honeybe

Question 9

Refer to the figure shown.
  Suppose that the time at point I is 1:00 pm (under normal conditions). The pigeon's circadian clock is then shifted 6 hours ahead, and it flies in the direction indicated in panel B. What time must it be at point III?

Accepted Answer

A)  7:00 am 
B)  9:00 am 
C)  3:00 pm 
D)  7:00 pm 
A)  7:00 am 
B)  9:00 am 
C)  3:00 pm 
D)  7:00 pm

Question 10

Refer to the figure shown.
  The data on this map suggests that adult starlings use which type of navigational strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Sun compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Star compass navigation 
B)  Magnetic compass navigation 
C)  Sun compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation

Question 11

In one experiment, pigeons whose clocks were shifted 6 hours flew in the wrong direction when they attempted to navigate by following their sun compass. What happened when another group of identically treated pigeons navigated on a cloudy day?

Accepted Answer

A)  They used their polarized-light compass and flew in circles. 
B)  They were able to navigate by using their polarized-light compass. 
C)  They were able to navigate on the basis of olfactory cues. 
D)  They were able to navigate by using their magnetic compass. 
A)  They used their polarized-light compass and flew in circles. 
B)  They were able to navigate by using their polarized-light compass. 
C)  They were able to navigate on the basis of olfactory cues. 
D)  They were able to navigate by using their magnetic compass.

Question 12

Refer to the figure shown.
  The animal searching for food in part B of the figure would need to use which navigational strategy to return to its original starting point (or home)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piloting 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation 
A)  Piloting 
B)  Path integration 
C)  Compass navigation 
D)  Map-and-compass navigation

Question 13

Refer to the figure shown.
  The panels illustrate the life cycle of the

Accepted Answer

A)  humpback whale. 
B)  starling. 
C)  Pacific salmon. 
D)  arctic tern. 
A)  humpback whale. 
B)  starling. 
C)  Pacific salmon. 
D)  arctic tern.

Question 14

Refer to the figure shown.
  Choose the correct order of the life cycle illustrated in the panels:
1) Live in lake
2) Live in ocean
3) Migrate from ocean to lake
4) Migrate from lake to ocean
5) Young hatch in lake
6) Young hatch in ocean
7) Spawn in lake
8) Spawn in ocean

Accepted Answer

A)  5 → 1 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 7 
B)  6 → 2 → 3 → 1 → 4 → 8 
C)  6 → 3 → 1 → 7 → 4 
D)  5 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 1 → 7 
A)  5 → 1 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 7 
B)  6 → 2 → 3 → 1 → 4 → 8 
C)  6 → 3 → 1 → 7 → 4 
D)  5 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 1 → 7

Question 15

Animals that use path integration, such as desert ants, must collect information in order to identify the path home. What information do desert ants collect?

Accepted Answer

A)  They collect directional information from the sun's position and measure distance by integrating proprioceptive information while walking. 
B)  They collect directional information from learned landmarks and measure distance by integrating proprioceptive information while walking. 
C)  They collect directional and distance information from the sun's position. 
D)  They collect directional information from the sun's position and distance information from learned landmarks 
A)  They collect directional information from the sun's position and measure distance by integrating proprioceptive information while walking. 
B)  They collect directional information from learned landmarks and measure distance by integrating proprioceptive information while walking. 
C)  They collect directional and distance information from the sun's position. 
D)  They collect directional information from the sun's position and distance information from learned landmarks

Question 16

In attempting to understand how desert ants calculate distance while walking in the desert, researchers altered the length of the ants' legs. What were the results of their experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ants with stilt legs found their home much faster compared to ants with normal legs. 
B)  Ants with stilt legs began their search for home far earlier than ants with normal legs. 
C)  Ants with stilt legs walked too far before searching for their home. 
D)  Ants with altered legs were able to use polarized light to correct their heading after they noticed an error in their search for home. 
A)  Ants with stilt legs found their home much faster compared to ants with normal legs. 
B)  Ants with stilt legs began their search for home far earlier than ants with normal legs. 
C)  Ants with stilt legs walked too far before searching for their home. 
D)  Ants with altered legs were able to use polarized light to correct their heading after they noticed an error in their search for home.

Question 17

The periodic movement of an animal from one region to another is called

Accepted Answer

A)  migration. 
B)  homing. 
C)  piloting. 
D)  trail following. 
A)  migration. 
B)  homing. 
C)  piloting. 
D)  trail following.

Question 18

Refer to the figure shown.
  Which number(s) correspond(s) to information about the direction of the food source, as indicated by the honeybee?

Accepted Answer

A)  I and III 
B)  II and IV 
C)  IV 
D)  V 
A)  I and III 
B)  II and IV 
C)  IV 
D)  V

Question 19

Refer to the figure shown.
  The data shown in the figure refer to the navigational strategies of which animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whale 
B)  Pigeon 
C)  Salmon 
D)  Sea turtle 
A)  Whale 
B)  Pigeon 
C)  Salmon 
D)  Sea turtle

Question 20

Which statement does not describe one of the documented effects of hippocampal lesions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lesioned rats cannot remember the location of a submerged platform in the Morris water maze. 
B)  Lesioned rats cannot remember which radial arm (of a radial-arm maze) has food at the end. 
C)  Lesioned nutcracker birds hide food normally but cannot recover their caches. 
D)  Lesioned nutcracker birds cannot pair a sound with a reward. 
A)  Lesioned rats cannot remember the location of a submerged platform in the Morris water maze. 
B)  Lesioned rats cannot remember which radial arm (of a radial-arm maze) has food at the end. 
C)  Lesioned nutcracker birds hide food normally but cannot recover their caches. 
D)  Lesioned nutcracker birds cannot pair a sound with a reward.

Exam 18: Integrating Systems at Work: Animal Navigation

Refer to the figure shown. Which navigational strategy is illustrated by the figure?

Nocturnal migrants tend to use

Refer to the figure shown. Which is the most accurate conclusion that can be derived from the data illustrated in the figure?

The critical area for vertebrate spatial learning and memory is the

Discuss how navigational abilities promote reproductive success, and provide an example.

A _______ is a mechanism that indicates geographical direction.

Which cells are involved in the active map-and-compass navigation of a rat in a nonuniform environment?

What is the adaptive significance of the honeybee waggle dance and how is information coded in this dance?

Refer to the figure shown. Suppose that the time at point I is 1:00 pm (under normal conditions). The pigeon's circadian clock is then shifted 6 hours ahead, and it flies in the direction indicated in panel B. What time must it be at point III?

Refer to the figure shown. The data on this map suggests that adult starlings use which type of navigational strategy?

In one experiment, pigeons whose clocks were shifted 6 hours flew in the wrong direction when they attempted to navigate by following their sun compass. What happened when another group of identically treated pigeons navigated on a cloudy day?

Refer to the figure shown. The animal searching for food in part B of the figure would need to use which navigational strategy to return to its original starting point (or home)?

Refer to the figure shown. The panels illustrate the life cycle of the

Refer to the figure shown. Choose the correct order of the life cycle illustrated in the panels: 1) Live in lake 2) Live in ocean 3) Migrate from ocean to lake 4) Migrate from lake to ocean 5) Young hatch in lake 6) Young hatch in ocean 7) Spawn in lake 8) Spawn in ocean

Animals that use path integration, such as desert ants, must collect information in order to identify the path home. What information do desert ants collect?

In attempting to understand how desert ants calculate distance while walking in the desert, researchers altered the length of the ants' legs. What were the results of their experiment?

The periodic movement of an animal from one region to another is called

Refer to the figure shown. Which number(s) correspond(s) to information about the direction of the food source, as indicated by the honeybee?

Refer to the figure shown. The data shown in the figure refer to the navigational strategies of which animal?

Which statement does not describe one of the documented effects of hippocampal lesions?

Animals and Environments: Function on the Ecological Stage

Molecules and Cells in Animal Physiology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Related Approaches to Physiology

Physiological Development and Epigenetics

Transport of Solutes and Water

Nutrition, Feeding, and Digestion

Energy Metabolism

Aerobic and Anaerobic Forms of Metabolism

The Energetics of Aerobic Activity

Thermal Relations

Food, Energy, and Temperature at Work: The Lives of Mammals in Frigid Places

Neurons

Synapses

Sensory Processes

Nervous System Organization and Biological Clocks

Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Physiology

Reproduction

Control of Movement

Muscle

Movement and Muscle at Work: Plasticity in Response to Use and Disuse

Introduction to Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Physiology

External Respiration: the Physiology of Breathing

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Body Fluids With an Introduction to Acid- Base Physiology

Circulation

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Internal Transport at Work: Diving by Marine Mammals

Water and Salt Physiology: Introduction and Mechanisms

Kidneys and Excretion With Notes on Nitrogen Excretion

Water, Salts, and Excretion at Work: Mammals of Deserts and Dry Savannas

Water and Salt Physiology of Animals in Their Environments

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