Question 1

Evidence indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  social hurt activates different regions of the brain. 
B)  only extreme emotional sadness activates pain centers in the brain. 
C)  social hurt and physical pain activate the same regions of the brain. 
D)  social rejection affects different brain centers than physical pain and is alleviated by placebos. 
A)  social hurt activates different regions of the brain. 
B)  only extreme emotional sadness activates pain centers in the brain. 
C)  social hurt and physical pain activate the same regions of the brain. 
D)  social rejection affects different brain centers than physical pain and is alleviated by placebos.

Question 2

Describe the mechanisms of the nervous system that function to modulate pain perception.

Accepted Answer

The nervous system has several mechanism

Question 3

Provide a thorough account of somatosensory perception, from the transduction of environmental energies at the skin surface to the representation of touch in the cortex; explain the role of the cortex in actively forming an appreciation of manipulated objects.

Accepted Answer

Somatosensory perception refers to the p

Question 4

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: social rejection; cingulate; physical injury; natural selection.

Accepted Answer

Social rejection is a powerful force tha

Question 5

Which receptors are fast-adapting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meissner's and Pacinian corpuscles 
B)  Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel's discs 
C)  Merkel's discs and Ruffini's endings 
D)  Ruffini's endings and Pacinian corpuscles 
A)  Meissner's and Pacinian corpuscles 
B)  Meissner's corpuscles and Merkel's discs 
C)  Merkel's discs and Ruffini's endings 
D)  Ruffini's endings and Pacinian corpuscles

Question 6

Which animal has eyes specialized for nocturnal foraging?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tarsier 
B)  Bald eagle 
C)  Sparrow 
D)  Chameleon 
A)  Tarsier 
B)  Bald eagle 
C)  Sparrow 
D)  Chameleon

Question 7

Knockout mice that lack either the gene for the precursor for substance P or the gene for the substance P receptor exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  total insensitivity to pain stimuli. 
B)  insensitivity to mildly painful stimuli but normal responses to intensely painful stimuli. 
C)  insensitivity to intensely painful stimuli but normal responses to mildly painful stimuli. 
D)  exaggerated responses to mildly painful stimuli. 
A)  total insensitivity to pain stimuli. 
B)  insensitivity to mildly painful stimuli but normal responses to intensely painful stimuli. 
C)  insensitivity to intensely painful stimuli but normal responses to mildly painful stimuli. 
D)  exaggerated responses to mildly painful stimuli.

Question 8

Stimulation of a Pacinian corpuscle causes the opening of _______ gated _______ channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  voltage-; potassium 
B)  mechanically; sodium 
C)  mechanically; calcium 
D)  ligand-; chloride 
A)  voltage-; potassium 
B)  mechanically; sodium 
C)  mechanically; calcium 
D)  ligand-; chloride

Question 9

_______ is a neurotransmitter that produces the sensation of itch by stimulating neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

Natriureti

Question 10

What is stress-induced analgesia? Provide an example and briefly discuss a possible mechanism and rationale.

Accepted Answer

Stress-induced analgesia refers to the p

Question 11

Observations of pain-related behavior in both humans and nonhuman animals have led Dennis and Melzack to conclude that pain

Accepted Answer

A)  is inversely correlated with survival. 
B)  leads only to discomfort and should be aggressively prevented. 
C)  provokes adaptive behavior that minimizes injury and promotes healing. 
D)  elicits aggression from conspecifics. 
A)  is inversely correlated with survival. 
B)  leads only to discomfort and should be aggressively prevented. 
C)  provokes adaptive behavior that minimizes injury and promotes healing. 
D)  elicits aggression from conspecifics.

Question 12

Analgesics that act on the _______ opioid receptor are more effective in men than in women.

Accepted Answer

A)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
B)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
C)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
D)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
A)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
B)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
C)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
D)  F1F1F1S1F1F1F10

Question 13

You have managed to isolate and knock out the gene that controls the myelination of nerve fibers. This will cause the loss of most sensory functions except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Touch 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Itch 
D)  b & c 
A)  Touch 
B)  Temperature 
C)  Itch 
D)  b & c

Question 14

Pain perception is adaptive because it triggers

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional withdrawal. 
B)  an inflammatory response. 
C)  behavior that removes the animal from the stimulus. 
D)  inactivity. 
A)  emotional withdrawal. 
B)  an inflammatory response. 
C)  behavior that removes the animal from the stimulus. 
D)  inactivity.

Question 15

Receptors in the skin that have small, sharp borders are _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Merkel's discs; Meissner's corpuscles 
B)  Ruffini's endings; Meissner's corpuscles 
C)  Pacinian corpuscles; Merkel's discs 
D)  Ruffini's endings; Pacinian corpuscles. 
A)  Merkel's discs; Meissner's corpuscles 
B)  Ruffini's endings; Meissner's corpuscles 
C)  Pacinian corpuscles; Merkel's discs 
D)  Ruffini's endings; Pacinian corpuscles.

Question 16

For most senses, the sensory pathway

Accepted Answer

A)  goes directly to its designated area of cortex. 
B)  ends at the spinal cord. 
C)  passes through the temporal cortex. 
D)  passes through the thalamus. 
A)  goes directly to its designated area of cortex. 
B)  ends at the spinal cord. 
C)  passes through the temporal cortex. 
D)  passes through the thalamus.

Question 17

Which skin receptors are especially sensitive to stretching of the skin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ruffini's endings 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles 
C)  Merkel's discs 
D)  Meissner's corpuscles 
A)  Ruffini's endings 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles 
C)  Merkel's discs 
D)  Meissner's corpuscles

Question 18

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: opiates; pain relief; periaqueductal gray; spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

Opiates are a class of drugs that are co

Question 19

According to the range fractionation hypothesis,

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple sensory cells respond to exactly the same range of stimulus energies. 
B)  specific nerve cells can act as specialists in particular segments of an intensity scale. 
C)  multiple nerve cells in a particular sensory system have approximately the same thresholds. 
D)  a large group of nerve cells can only respond to a small range of stimulus intensities. 
A)  multiple sensory cells respond to exactly the same range of stimulus energies. 
B)  specific nerve cells can act as specialists in particular segments of an intensity scale. 
C)  multiple nerve cells in a particular sensory system have approximately the same thresholds. 
D)  a large group of nerve cells can only respond to a small range of stimulus intensities.

Question 20

Summarize the functioning of peripheral pain mechanisms and their projections within the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

Peripheral pain mechanisms refer to the

Evidence indicates that

Describe the mechanisms of the nervous system that function to modulate pain perception.

Provide a thorough account of somatosensory perception, from the transduction of environmental energies at the skin surface to the representation of touch in the cortex; explain the role of the cortex in actively forming an appreciation of manipulated objects.

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: social rejection; cingulate; physical injury; natural selection.

Which receptors are fast-adapting?

Which animal has eyes specialized for nocturnal foraging?

Knockout mice that lack either the gene for the precursor for substance P or the gene for the substance P receptor exhibit

Stimulation of a Pacinian corpuscle causes the opening of _ gated _ channels.

_______ is a neurotransmitter that produces the sensation of itch by stimulating neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

What is stress-induced analgesia? Provide an example and briefly discuss a possible mechanism and rationale.

Observations of pain-related behavior in both humans and nonhuman animals have led Dennis and Melzack to conclude that pain

Analgesics that act on the _______ opioid receptor are more effective in men than in women.

You have managed to isolate and knock out the gene that controls the myelination of nerve fibers. This will cause the loss of most sensory functions except which of the following?

Pain perception is adaptive because it triggers

Receptors in the skin that have small, sharp borders are _ and _.

For most senses, the sensory pathway

Which skin receptors are especially sensitive to stretching of the skin?

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: opiates; pain relief; periaqueductal gray; spinal cord.

According to the range fractionation hypothesis,

Summarize the functioning of peripheral pain mechanisms and their projections within the spinal cord.

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Evolution of the Brain and Behavior

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Motor Control and Plasticity

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Exam 8: General Principles of Sensory Processing, Touch, and Pain

Evidence indicates that

Describe the mechanisms of the nervous system that function to modulate pain perception.

Provide a thorough account of somatosensory perception, from the transduction of environmental energies at the skin surface to the representation of touch in the cortex; explain the role of the cortex in actively forming an appreciation of manipulated objects.

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: social rejection; cingulate; physical injury; natural selection.

Which receptors are fast-adapting?

Which animal has eyes specialized for nocturnal foraging?

Knockout mice that lack either the gene for the precursor for substance P or the gene for the substance P receptor exhibit

Stimulation of a Pacinian corpuscle causes the opening of _______ gated _______ channels.

_______ is a neurotransmitter that produces the sensation of itch by stimulating neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

What is stress-induced analgesia? Provide an example and briefly discuss a possible mechanism and rationale.

Observations of pain-related behavior in both humans and nonhuman animals have led Dennis and Melzack to conclude that pain

Analgesics that act on the _______ opioid receptor are more effective in men than in women.

You have managed to isolate and knock out the gene that controls the myelination of nerve fibers. This will cause the loss of most sensory functions except which of the following?

Pain perception is adaptive because it triggers

Receptors in the skin that have small, sharp borders are _______ and _______.

For most senses, the sensory pathway

Which skin receptors are especially sensitive to stretching of the skin?

Write a coherent and informative paragraph incorporating each of the following terms or concepts: opiates; pain relief; periaqueductal gray; spinal cord.

According to the range fractionation hypothesis,

Summarize the functioning of peripheral pain mechanisms and their projections within the spinal cord.

Behavioral Neuroscience Scope and Outlook

Functional Neuroanatomy: The Cells and Structures of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Hormones and the Brain

Evolution of the Brain and Behavior

Life-Span Development of the Brain and Behavior

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Motor Control and Plasticity

Sex: Evolutionary, Hormonal, and Neural Bases

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreaming

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: Biological Basis of Behavioral Disorders

Learning and Memory

Attention and Higher Cognition

Language and Lateralization

Filters

Stimulation of a Pacinian corpuscle causes the opening of _ gated _ channels.

Receptors in the skin that have small, sharp borders are _ and _.