Exam 24: The Strategies of Prevention and Rehabilitation

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There are several reasons why rehabilitation fell out of favor in the juvenile justice system beginning in the 1970s.

Firstly, there was a shift in public opinion and political ideology during this time period. The 1970s saw a rise in conservative politics and a focus on "tough on crime" policies, which emphasized punishment and deterrence over rehabilitation. This shift in ideology led to a decrease in funding for rehabilitation programs and an increase in the use of punitive measures such as incarceration.

Additionally, there was a growing concern about the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs. Critics argued that these programs were not producing the desired outcomes and that they were too lenient on juvenile offenders. This skepticism led to a reevaluation of the juvenile justice system and a move towards more punitive approaches.

Furthermore, there was a rise in fear of juvenile delinquency and a perception of a "youth crime wave" during the 1970s. This fear led to calls for stricter measures to address juvenile offending, further contributing to the decline of rehabilitation as the guiding philosophy of the juvenile justice system.

Overall, a combination of political ideology, skepticism about the effectiveness of rehabilitation, and fear of juvenile delinquency contributed to the fall of favor of rehabilitation in the juvenile justice system beginning in the 1970s.

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There are several reasons why rehabilitation programs are more effective when run in the community rather than in institutions. Firstly, when individuals participate in rehabilitation programs in the community, they are able to maintain connections with their support networks, such as family and friends. This social support can be crucial in helping individuals stay motivated and committed to their rehabilitation goals. In contrast, when rehabilitation programs are run in institutions, individuals may feel isolated and disconnected from their support systems, which can hinder their progress.

Secondly, community-based rehabilitation programs allow individuals to practice and apply their newly acquired skills and behaviors in real-life situations. This hands-on experience can be invaluable in helping individuals make lasting changes and adjustments to their lives. In contrast, rehabilitation programs in institutions may not provide the same opportunities for individuals to practice and apply their skills in real-world settings, which can limit the effectiveness of the program.

Overall, running rehabilitation programs in the community allows for greater social support and real-life application of skills, making them more effective in helping individuals successfully reintegrate into society and lead fulfilling lives.