Question 1

What are some of the differences between the sentences given out by juvenile courts and the sentences given out by adult courts?

Accepted Answer

There are several key differences between the sentences given out by juvenile courts and adult courts.

Firstly, the focus of the sentences differs. Juvenile courts typically prioritize rehabilitation and education, aiming to help young offenders learn from their mistakes and reintegrate into society. In contrast, adult courts often focus more on punishment and deterrence, with sentences aimed at holding individuals accountable for their actions.

Secondly, the severity of the sentences can vary. Juvenile courts generally have more flexibility in their sentencing options, often offering alternatives to incarceration such as community service, counseling, or probation. Adult courts, on the other hand, often have more rigid sentencing guidelines and may impose harsher penalties, including lengthy prison sentences.

Additionally, the legal consequences of the sentences can differ. Juvenile court records are often sealed or expunged once the individual reaches a certain age, allowing them to move on from their past mistakes. In contrast, adult court records are typically permanent and can have long-lasting effects on a person's future opportunities, such as employment and housing.

Overall, the differences in sentencing between juvenile and adult courts reflect the distinct approaches to addressing criminal behavior in young offenders versus adults, with a focus on rehabilitation and second chances for juveniles, and a focus on punishment and accountability for adults.

Question 2

Describe the special correctional programs for juveniles that are sometimes referred to as "youth development centers" or "training schools." How do these juvenile institutions protect juveniles? What is the primary goal of these institutions?

Accepted Answer

Youth development centers or training schools are special correctional programs for juveniles that aim to provide rehabilitation and education for young offenders. These institutions are designed to protect juveniles by providing a structured and supportive environment where they can receive the necessary guidance and resources to address their behavioral issues and make positive changes in their lives.

These juvenile institutions protect juveniles by offering a safe and secure living environment, access to education and vocational training, mental health and substance abuse treatment, and counseling services. The staff at these facilities are trained to work with young offenders and provide them with the support and guidance they need to address their underlying issues and develop the skills they need to succeed in the future.

The primary goal of these institutions is to rehabilitate juvenile offenders and help them reintegrate into society as productive and law-abiding citizens. This is achieved through a combination of education, counseling, and skill-building programs that are tailored to the individual needs of each juvenile. By addressing the root causes of their behavior and providing them with the necessary support and resources, these institutions aim to reduce the likelihood of reoffending and help juveniles make positive changes in their lives.

Question 3

A few hundred years ago, children:

Accepted Answer

A)  were viewed like adults 
B)  often engaged in "adult" behaviors, like sexual relations 
C)  were treated like adults when they broke the law 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  were viewed like adults 
B)  often engaged in "adult" behaviors, like sexual relations 
C)  were treated like adults when they broke the law 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above D

Question 4

Describe current trends in the treatment of older, serious juvenile offenders. Explain why they are treated differently than other juvenile offenders.

Accepted Answer

Current trends in the treatment of older

Question 5

According to the text, society views most juvenile offenders as individuals who are:

Accepted Answer

A)  in need of guidance 
B)  fully responsible for their actions 
C)  deserving of punishment 
D)  all of the above 
A)  in need of guidance 
B)  fully responsible for their actions 
C)  deserving of punishment 
D)  all of the above

Question 6

Agnew and Brezina discussed the case of a 6-year-old girl who repeatedly hit her friend with a piece of wood to illustrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  the innate cruelty of children 
B)  our tendency to view juvenile offenders differently than adult offenders 
C)  failures in our efforts to rehabilitate some psychotic children 
D)  what happens when parents fail to supervise their children effectively 
E)  the "copycat" effect 
A)  the innate cruelty of children 
B)  our tendency to view juvenile offenders differently than adult offenders 
C)  failures in our efforts to rehabilitate some psychotic children 
D)  what happens when parents fail to supervise their children effectively 
E)  the "copycat" effect

Question 7

Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE of juvenile court?

Accepted Answer

A)  Juveniles have a constitutional right to a jury trial. 
B)  Juvenile court focuses primarily on the offense rather than the offender. 
C)  Juveniles have most of the due process rights given to adults but frequently waive their rights. 
D)  All of the above are true statements. 
A)  Juveniles have a constitutional right to a jury trial. 
B)  Juvenile court focuses primarily on the offense rather than the offender. 
C)  Juveniles have most of the due process rights given to adults but frequently waive their rights. 
D)  All of the above are true statements.

Question 8

In referring to the "invention of juvenile delinquency," Agnew and Brezina are pointing out that:

Accepted Answer

A)  delinquent acts were less common in the past 
B)  juvenile offenders were ignored in the past 
C)  we now view and treat juvenile offenders differently than in the past 
D)  all of the above 
A)  delinquent acts were less common in the past 
B)  juvenile offenders were ignored in the past 
C)  we now view and treat juvenile offenders differently than in the past 
D)  all of the above

Question 9

Recent legislation designed to deal with older juveniles who commit serious offenses has focused on:

Accepted Answer

A)  making it easier to try such offenders as adults 
B)  increasing the treatment services available to such offenders 
C)  diverting such offenders from institutions 
D)  all of the above 
A)  making it easier to try such offenders as adults 
B)  increasing the treatment services available to such offenders 
C)  diverting such offenders from institutions 
D)  all of the above

Question 10

There are two major interpretations about how the growth of urban slums contributed to the invention of juvenile delinquency. Briefly describe each interpretation. Can both be "true"?

Accepted Answer

The first interpretation suggests that t

Question 11

Discuss how and why juvenile offenders are treated differently than adult offenders.

Accepted Answer

Juvenile offenders are treated different

Question 12

Define "status offense" and then provide examples of three different status offenses.

Accepted Answer

A status offense is a non-criminal behav

Question 13

Which of the following statements is TRUE of the juvenile court?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was invented in the Middle Ages. 
B)  It is open to the public. 
C)  It focuses on the "offender" rather than the "offense." 
D)  all of the above 
A)  It was invented in the Middle Ages. 
B)  It is open to the public. 
C)  It focuses on the "offender" rather than the "offense." 
D)  all of the above

Question 14

What were some of the criticisms of status offense laws? How can these "offenses" be dealt with other than by referral to juvenile court?

Accepted Answer

Some of the criticisms of status offense

Question 15

Describe how attitudes toward serious juvenile offenders have changed over time.

Accepted Answer

Attitudes toward serious juvenile offend

Question 16

Define "juvenile delinquency." How does the definition distinguish it from other forms of juvenile and adult behavior?

Accepted Answer

Juvenile delinquency refers to the behav

Question 17

Discuss what Agnew and Brezina mean by the statement "juvenile delinquency is a social invention."

Accepted Answer

Agnew and Brezina argue that the concept

Question 18

Describe the major differences between juvenile court and adult court. Discuss how these differences reflect our societal view of juveniles.

Accepted Answer

The major differences between juvenile c

Question 19

Indicate how and discuss why the terminology differs for juvenile court and adult court.

Accepted Answer

The terminology differs for juvenile cou

Question 20

Describe how our view and treatment of juvenile offenders changed from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. What were the reasons for this change?

Accepted Answer

In the late 1980s, the view and treatmen

Exam 1: What Is Delinquency and How Does It Differ From Adult Crime

What are some of the differences between the sentences given out by juvenile courts and the sentences given out by adult courts?

Describe the special correctional programs for juveniles that are sometimes referred to as "youth development centers" or "training schools." How do these juvenile institutions protect juveniles? What is the primary goal of these institutions?

A few hundred years ago, children:

Describe current trends in the treatment of older, serious juvenile offenders. Explain why they are treated differently than other juvenile offenders.

According to the text, society views most juvenile offenders as individuals who are:

Agnew and Brezina discussed the case of a 6-year-old girl who repeatedly hit her friend with a piece of wood to illustrate:

Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE of juvenile court?

In referring to the "invention of juvenile delinquency," Agnew and Brezina are pointing out that:

Recent legislation designed to deal with older juveniles who commit serious offenses has focused on:

There are two major interpretations about how the growth of urban slums contributed to the invention of juvenile delinquency. Briefly describe each interpretation. Can both be "true"?

Discuss how and why juvenile offenders are treated differently than adult offenders.

Define "status offense" and then provide examples of three different status offenses.

Which of the following statements is TRUE of the juvenile court?

What were some of the criticisms of status offense laws? How can these "offenses" be dealt with other than by referral to juvenile court?

Describe how attitudes toward serious juvenile offenders have changed over time.

Define "juvenile delinquency." How does the definition distinguish it from other forms of juvenile and adult behavior?

Discuss what Agnew and Brezina mean by the statement "juvenile delinquency is a social invention."

Describe the major differences between juvenile court and adult court. Discuss how these differences reflect our societal view of juveniles.

Indicate how and discuss why the terminology differs for juvenile court and adult court.

Describe how our view and treatment of juvenile offenders changed from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. What were the reasons for this change?

How Is Delinquency Measureding the Extent of Rape

How Much Delinquency Is There, and Is Delinquency Increasing

Who Is Most Likely to Engage in Delinquency

What Is a Theory and How Do We Test Theories

Strain Theory

Social Learning Theory

Control Theory

Labeling Theory

The Life Course

Is Delinquency More Likely in Certain Types of Situations

Group Differences in Delinquency

Individual Traits

The Family

The School

Delinquent Peers and Gangs

Other Social Influences

Pulling It All Together

Policies and Programs

The Police

Juvenile Court and Corrections

The Juvenile Justice System

The Strategies of Deterrence and Incapacitation

The Strategies of Prevention and Rehabilitation

What Should We Do to Reduce Delinquency

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