Exam 12: Group Differences in Delinquency

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

The trend in high-poverty neighborhoods and residents from the 1960s to 2013 saw an increase in both. In the 1960s, there was a significant increase in the number of high-poverty neighborhoods, particularly in urban areas, as a result of economic shifts and social policies. This led to a higher concentration of residents living in poverty within these neighborhoods.

Over the years, the number of high-poverty neighborhoods continued to increase, with more residents living in these areas. Factors such as deindustrialization, suburbanization, and the impact of the Great Recession contributed to the growth of high-poverty neighborhoods and the increase in residents living in poverty.

By 2013, the trend showed that high-poverty neighborhoods and their residents had both increased. This had significant implications for the well-being and opportunities available to those living in these areas, as high-poverty neighborhoods often face challenges such as limited access to quality education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. The trend highlighted the need for targeted interventions and policies to address the issues faced by residents in high-poverty neighborhoods.

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

Living in a community surrounded by wealthier communities can have several benefits compared to living in a community surrounded by other poor communities. One of the main reasons is that wealthier communities often have better resources and opportunities for their residents, such as higher quality schools, healthcare facilities, and job opportunities. This can create a more positive and supportive environment for individuals living in the surrounding community, leading to a higher quality of life and lower levels of stress and frustration.

From the perspective of strain theory, which suggests that crime is a result of the gap between societal goals and the means available to achieve those goals, living in a community surrounded by wealthier communities can influence crime rates in several ways. First, individuals in the surrounding community may experience strain and frustration when they compare their own economic status and opportunities to those of their wealthier neighbors. This relative deprivation can lead to feelings of injustice and a desire to attain the same level of wealth and success, potentially leading to criminal behavior as a means of achieving those goals.

Additionally, the lack of access to resources and opportunities in the surrounding poor communities can create a sense of hopelessness and alienation, further contributing to the likelihood of criminal behavior. This is especially true when individuals feel that the societal goals of success and prosperity are unattainable through legitimate means, leading them to turn to criminal activities as a way to achieve those goals.

In contrast, living in a community surrounded by other poor communities can exacerbate these feelings of strain and frustration, as there may be a lack of positive role models and opportunities for upward mobility. This can create a cycle of poverty and crime within the community, as individuals may feel that criminal behavior is their only option for achieving success and improving their circumstances.

Overall, the surrounding communities can have a significant impact on crime rates within a community, and living in an area surrounded by wealthier communities can provide individuals with more opportunities and resources to avoid turning to criminal behavior as a means of coping with strain and frustration.

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

From a social learning perspective, this statement suggests that individuals living in deprived communities are more likely to be exposed to and influenced by delinquent or criminal behavior. According to social learning theory, people learn through observing and imitating the behavior of others, as well as through the reinforcement and punishment of their own behavior. In deprived communities, there may be a higher prevalence of delinquent behavior, and individuals may be more likely to be exposed to and influenced by this behavior.

Additionally, individuals in deprived communities may lack access to positive role models and opportunities for prosocial activities, leading them to be more susceptible to adopting beliefs and behaviors favorable to delinquency. This can create a subculture within the community where delinquent behavior is normalized and even encouraged, further reinforcing and perpetuating these beliefs and behaviors.

Overall, from a social learning perspective, the statement suggests that the environment and social context in deprived communities play a significant role in shaping individuals' beliefs and behaviors, leading to the development of delinquent or criminal subcultures.