Question 1

The questions answered by a mixed ANOVA include:

Accepted Answer

A)  Is there a significant main effect for the between-groups IV? 
B)  Is there a significant main effect for the within-subjects IV? 
C)  Is there an interaction between the two IVs? 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Is there a significant main effect for the between-groups IV? 
B)  Is there a significant main effect for the within-subjects IV? 
C)  Is there an interaction between the two IVs? 
D)  All of the above

Question 2

Problems with the stepwise regression approach include:

Accepted Answer

A)  The computer decides which variables should be included in the equation 
B)  Only a small number of predictor variables are included in the equation 
C)  The probability of a Type II error is increased 
D)  A correlation matrix is not used 
A)  The computer decides which variables should be included in the equation 
B)  Only a small number of predictor variables are included in the equation 
C)  The probability of a Type II error is increased 
D)  A correlation matrix is not used

Question 3

Error variance can be significantly reduced by adding a second independent variable that might be affecting the DV.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In a 4 × 2 factorial design, how many main effects are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
E)  8 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
E)  8

Question 5

A researcher's study is a mixed design with two levels of the within-subjects IV (pretest- posttest). The researcher is using a randomized experimental research approach. The analysis recommended in the text is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The gain score approach 
B)  The mixed ANOVA approach 
C)  A single-factor ANCOVA 
D)  A factorial ANCOVA 
A)  The gain score approach 
B)  The mixed ANOVA approach 
C)  A single-factor ANCOVA 
D)  A factorial ANCOVA

Question 6

A researcher wants to know how anxiety affects serum pH levels. He has three groups of participants: low, medium, and high anxiety. He obtains blood samples and measures the serum pH of each participant. He is also interested in the effects of gender on serum pH levels and adds gender as a second IV to his research design. The research approach is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Randomized experimental 
B)  Quasi-experimental 
C)  Comparative 
D)  Associational 
A)  Randomized experimental 
B)  Quasi-experimental 
C)  Comparative 
D)  Associational

Question 7

The following is/are true for the mixed ANOVA approach to analysis of a pretest-posttest design:

Accepted Answer

A)  Meaningful analysis is dependent on a significant interaction between the treatment conditions and time 
B)  Tests of simple main effects must be done when there is a significant interaction 
C)  The treatment only can interact with the posttest 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Meaningful analysis is dependent on a significant interaction between the treatment conditions and time 
B)  Tests of simple main effects must be done when there is a significant interaction 
C)  The treatment only can interact with the posttest 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

The mixed ANOVA approach to analyze a pretest-posttest design yields three separate questions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Mixed-factorial designs only apply to quasi-experimental and randomized experimental approaches.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A single-factor ANOVA has less power than a single-factor ANCOVA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A researcher is doing a study on the effects of TV watching on adolescents' level of aggressive behavior in the classroom. The following could be source(s) of error variance:

Accepted Answer

A)  TV watching 
B)  Gender 
C)  Aggressive behavior 
D)  a and b 
A)  TV watching 
B)  Gender 
C)  Aggressive behavior 
D)  a and b

Question 12

The three research questions answered by a two-factor ANOVA are similar to the questions answered by a mixed ANOVA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

With multiple regression, it is possible to have a significant R2, even if none of the individual predictor variables are statistically significant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A gain score analysis of a pretest-posttest design uses:

Accepted Answer

A)  A single-factor ANOVA 
B)  Simple main effects analysis 
C)  Information about differences prior to the intervention (pretest scores) 
D)  All of the above 
A)  A single-factor ANOVA 
B)  Simple main effects analysis 
C)  Information about differences prior to the intervention (pretest scores) 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

The following pertain(s) to a true mixed design:

Accepted Answer

A)  The between-groups IV is always active 
B)  The within-subjects IV is always active 
C)  All the IVs must be active 
D)  The between-groups IV is always an attribute 
A)  The between-groups IV is always active 
B)  The within-subjects IV is always active 
C)  All the IVs must be active 
D)  The between-groups IV is always an attribute

Question 16

When used in the analysis of a pretest-posttest design, the ANCOVA:

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes a mixed design to a single-factor design 
B)  Uses differences in pretest scores to adjust the posttest scores 
C)  Analyzes only the posttest scores after adjustments have been made with the pretest scores 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Changes a mixed design to a single-factor design 
B)  Uses differences in pretest scores to adjust the posttest scores 
C)  Analyzes only the posttest scores after adjustments have been made with the pretest scores 
D)  All of the above

Question 17

The addition of a second IV affects the study's overall quantitative research approach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Why should one be cautious when using gain scores?

Accepted Answer

One should be cautious when using the ga

Question 19

A major limiting factor to using complex associational analyses is the number of participants required.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the above example, to control for error variance, the researcher should:

Accepted Answer

A)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as TV watching 
B)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as aggressive behavior 
C)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as gender 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as TV watching 
B)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as aggressive behavior 
C)  Introduce a second independent variable, such as gender 
D)  None of the above

Exam 22: Analysis and Interpretation of Complex Research Questions

The questions answered by a mixed ANOVA include:

Problems with the stepwise regression approach include:

Error variance can be significantly reduced by adding a second independent variable that might be affecting the DV.

In a 4 × 2 factorial design, how many main effects are there?

A researcher's study is a mixed design with two levels of the within-subjects IV (pretest- posttest). The researcher is using a randomized experimental research approach. The analysis recommended in the text is:

The following is/are true for the mixed ANOVA approach to analysis of a pretest-posttest design:

The mixed ANOVA approach to analyze a pretest-posttest design yields three separate questions.

Mixed-factorial designs only apply to quasi-experimental and randomized experimental approaches.

A single-factor ANOVA has less power than a single-factor ANCOVA.

A researcher is doing a study on the effects of TV watching on adolescents' level of aggressive behavior in the classroom. The following could be source(s) of error variance:

The three research questions answered by a two-factor ANOVA are similar to the questions answered by a mixed ANOVA.

With multiple regression, it is possible to have a significant R2, even if none of the individual predictor variables are statistically significant.

A gain score analysis of a pretest-posttest design uses:

The following pertain(s) to a true mixed design:

When used in the analysis of a pretest-posttest design, the ANCOVA:

The addition of a second IV affects the study's overall quantitative research approach.

Why should one be cautious when using gain scores?

A major limiting factor to using complex associational analyses is the number of participants required.

In the above example, to control for error variance, the researcher should:

Definitions, Purposes, and Dimensions of Research

Planning a Quantitative Research Project

Variables, Research Questions, and Hypotheses

Research Approaches

Randomized Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Subject Designs

Nonexperimental Approachesdesigns

Internal Validity

Sampling and Introduction to External Validity

Measurement and Descriptive Statistics

Measurement Reliability

Measurement Validity

Types of Data Collection Techniques

Ethical Issues in Conducting the Study

Practical Issues in Data Collection and Coding

Making Inferences From Sample Data I: The Null Hypothesis Significance Testing Approach

Making Inferences From Sample Data II: the Evidence-Based Approach

General Design Classifications for Selection of Difference Statistical Methods

Selection of Appropriate Statistical Methods: Integration of Design and Analysis

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Basic Difference Questions

Analysis and Interpretation of Basic Associational Research Questions

Evaluating Research Validity: Part I

Evaluating Research Validity: Part II

Evaluating Research for Evidence-Based Practice

Writing the Research Report

Filters

With multiple regression, it is possible to have a significant R², even if none of the individual predictor variables are statistically significant.