Exam 1: Background and Theories

Compare and contrast the research methods used by the following researchers: John B. Watson, Jean Piaget, James Mark Baldwin, and Sigmund Freud.

Locke's ideas about children and their development strongly exemplify the __________ model.

According to Freud's theory, identification refers to the process by which children:

Ethologists refer to complex patterns of innate behaviour such as that which occurs when spiders weave webs or beavers build dams as:

Reciprocal determinism does NOT involve which of the following?

In his research with stickleback fish, Tinbergen observed that a distinctive pattern of mating behaviours was initiated in the spring as the temperature of the water increased. Ethologists refer to the rising water temperature as a(n):

According to Watson, language and thought in young children:

Piaget uses the term __________ to refer to the cognitive structures of infancy that include sets of skilled, flexible, action patterns through which the child understands the world.

A child does not like cleaning up after play time. Which theory could be best used to change such behaviour? Give an example.

Traditionally, child psychology and developmental psychology both focused on the behaviour of children. One of many reasons for this interest is the fact that childhood is a period of rapid change. A reason NOT offered to account for this particular interest by the authors of your textbook is:

At 24 months, Rebecca engages the family dogs in play by clapping her hands and enthusiastically calling their names. According to Piaget, an attempt to initiate play with her friend Brittany using the same strategies she employs with her dogs is an example of:

Which of the following is the best example of a respondent behaviour?

Social learning theorists are most likely to explain aggressive behaviour in terms of:

The two goals of developmental psychology are to:

Describe how Bowlby's and Freud's concepts are similar.

According to Piaget, a child's knowledge of events in the world is:

Investigations of universals in children's acquisition of language illustrates:

Define zeitgeist and describe its influence on Watson, Gesell, and Vygotsky.

Freud's greatest contribution to the field of developmental psychology was his:

_______________ is another way a developmentalist might express the interest value inherent in childhood research.