Exam 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy

James accidentally got his hands on a butter knife. When James's mother took the knife and put it where he could no long reach or see it, James howled and kept trying to reach for the knife that had disappeared. According to Piaget, James's behavior is an example of __________.

According to Piaget, the sensorimotor period comprises six substages. List and define each substage.

Five-month-old Stewart enjoyed repeatedly shaking his rattle in new and innovative ways in order to hear the different sounds each new movement made. According to Piaget, Stewart is demonstrating a __________.

Jungyun has been producing the sounds "ba-ba-ba" and "da-da-da" repeatedly. Jungyun is __________.

Define holophrases and telegraphic speech, and provide one example of each.

When 10-month-old Mary Kate was placed on the floor with a pile of toys, she actively pushed toys out of her way in an effort to reach her partially covered favorite toy telephone. According to Piaget, Mary Kate demonstrated __________.

The first time Aiesha saw a flying squirrel, she called it a bird. Aiesha is __________ the squirrel to her existing schema of bird.

Nineteen-month-old Evan enjoys books, and he often says, "Read book." This is Evan's shorthand version of "I would like you to read a book to me." This is an example of __________.

Three-month-old Lionel loved to suck on his fingers. He was quite fond of putting his fingers in his mouth and then pulling them out only to look them over for a minute or two before putting them back in his mouth. He repeated this behavior over and over. Lionel's behavior with his fingers illustrates a __________.

Some __________ are complete words, whereas others add information necessary for interpreting a word, such as the endings -s for plural and -ed for past tense.

Kiki, a 28-month-old infant, has completed a test measuring both mental and motor abilities. Which of the following tests was administered?

Research on deaf infants reveals which of the following comparisons in language development when compared with non-deaf infants?

Sixteen-year-old Amber has just completed a driver education course. She often comments to friends that at first driving required her undivided attention, but with a little practice she often finds that she has driven home without being aware of stopping for traffic lights or stop signs. According to the information-processing approach, driving has become __________ for Amber.

Making speechlike but meaningless sounds is called __________.

Dylan is learning language. His parents believe that if they use reinforcement, Dylan will learn language at a faster rate. Which theory of language has influenced Dylan's parents?

Eighteen-month-old Lawrence's favorite pastime is to roll balls around the house. He particularly likes to roll balls under the furniture and run to where he thinks they might emerge. This is an example of a __________.

Martha went from person to person asking whether they wanted some birthday cake, but when she asked the youngest children at the party, her voice pitch rose and she spoke with a type of singing quality. Martha was utilizing __________ with the children present.

Infant-directed speech is a type of speech directed toward infants, characterized by short, simple sentences. Have you spoken to your child using this type of speech? What did you notice about your infant's response to this type of speech? Is there a difference in the level of interest that your infant displays depending on the type of speech you use? Explain. How do you think the use of infant-directed speech facilitates language development? What role has it played in your relationship with your infant?

List and describe the three basic aspects of information processing.

First words are generally spoken around the age of 10 to 14 months. What have you observed with your own child in regard to language development? Has your child spoken his/her first words yet, and has that development coincided with your text's description of typical first words spoken? Explain. When do you think your child will speak first sentences in relation to when first words were spoken?