Question 1

Animals will not self-administer

Accepted Answer

A)  cocaine. 
B)  nicotine. 
C)  antidepressants. 
D)  morphine. 
A)  cocaine. 
B)  nicotine. 
C)  antidepressants. 
D)  morphine. C

Question 2

What are the limitations to studying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in human subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are not enough cases to study. 
B)  The studies are correlational only; one cannot assert that alcohol causes any particular effect. 
C)  There is very little evidence for FAS in children born to women in the United States. 
D)  It is impossible to obtain permission to conduct this type of research. 
A)  There are not enough cases to study. 
B)  The studies are correlational only; one cannot assert that alcohol causes any particular effect. 
C)  There is very little evidence for FAS in children born to women in the United States. 
D)  It is impossible to obtain permission to conduct this type of research. B

Question 3

Which statement about PET scans is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They use radioisotopes that decay rapidly, emitting positrons in the process. 
B)  They are used to detect where labeled drugs and transmitters might bind. 
C)  They provide detailed structural information if the proper reagents are used. 
D)  They can be used to determine which brain areas are active during cognitive tasks. 
A)  They use radioisotopes that decay rapidly, emitting positrons in the process. 
B)  They are used to detect where labeled drugs and transmitters might bind. 
C)  They provide detailed structural information if the proper reagents are used. 
D)  They can be used to determine which brain areas are active during cognitive tasks. C

Question 4

Which of the following is not a reason that we should be cautious about interpreting the findings from studies using transgenic mice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complex behaviors and disorders are not controlled by single genes. 
B)  Manipulating genes in mice does not give us useful information about systems in humans. 
C)  A change in only one gene, the targeted mutation, may be masked by other compensating systems. 
D)  Gene changes occur in all tissues at all stages of development. 
A)  Complex behaviors and disorders are not controlled by single genes. 
B)  Manipulating genes in mice does not give us useful information about systems in humans. 
C)  A change in only one gene, the targeted mutation, may be masked by other compensating systems. 
D)  Gene changes occur in all tissues at all stages of development.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a reason that functional MRI is preferred over PET imaging?

Accepted Answer

A)  The detail is far superior in functional MRI. 
B)  The fMRI procedure provides both anatomical and functional information. 
C)  The individual does not need to be injected with a radioactive substance in functional MRI. 
D)  Because fMRI is a newer procedure, it has replaced the need for other techniques like PET and EEG. 
A)  The detail is far superior in functional MRI. 
B)  The fMRI procedure provides both anatomical and functional information. 
C)  The individual does not need to be injected with a radioactive substance in functional MRI. 
D)  Because fMRI is a newer procedure, it has replaced the need for other techniques like PET and EEG.

Question 6

Which statement regarding receptor autoradiography is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides information about receptor number and location. 
B)  It tells the researcher about the affinity of receptors for a particular drug in a certain region of the brain. 
C)  It is useful for studying the effects of brain lesions on receptor binding. 
D)  It cannot be used when the receptor binding has occurred in vivo. 
A)  It provides information about receptor number and location. 
B)  It tells the researcher about the affinity of receptors for a particular drug in a certain region of the brain. 
C)  It is useful for studying the effects of brain lesions on receptor binding. 
D)  It cannot be used when the receptor binding has occurred in vivo.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a test for learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Morris water maze 
B)  T-maze 
C)  Light-dark crossing task 
D)  Delayed-response test 
A)  Morris water maze 
B)  T-maze 
C)  Light-dark crossing task 
D)  Delayed-response test

Question 8

Which statement about translational research is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the transfer of discoveries from basic science research into clinical applications. 
B)  One of its goals is to develop therapeutic drugs more quickly and inexpensively. 
C)  It is facilitated by the development of parallel tasks and methods for animals and humans. 
D)  It was developed recently-in the last decade. 
A)  It involves the transfer of discoveries from basic science research into clinical applications. 
B)  One of its goals is to develop therapeutic drugs more quickly and inexpensively. 
C)  It is facilitated by the development of parallel tasks and methods for animals and humans. 
D)  It was developed recently-in the last decade.

Question 9

DNA microarrays are not used to

Accepted Answer

A)  quantify neurochemicals in the brain. 
B)  aid in identification of the genes that switch on and off together in response to drugs and diseases. 
C)  help scientists understand the many presynaptic proteins that are underexpressed in schizophrenia. 
D)  make it possible to screen the entire genome using just a few chips. 
A)  quantify neurochemicals in the brain. 
B)  aid in identification of the genes that switch on and off together in response to drugs and diseases. 
C)  help scientists understand the many presynaptic proteins that are underexpressed in schizophrenia. 
D)  make it possible to screen the entire genome using just a few chips.

Question 10

Which technique does not permit visualization of the living human brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Functional MRI 
B)  In situ hybridization (ISH) 
C)  Computerized tomography 
D)  SPECT 
A)  Functional MRI 
B)  In situ hybridization (ISH) 
C)  Computerized tomography 
D)  SPECT

Question 11

_______ coordinate(s) is/are needed with stereotaxic surgery to specify a particular brain area.

Accepted Answer

A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four 
A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four

Question 12

Which of the following is not an advantage of animal studies in psychopharmacology?

Accepted Answer

A)  They allow for precise control of living conditions not possible with humans. 
B)  Assessing emotional and psychological changes in response to experimental manipulations is relatively straightforward in nonhuman subjects. 
C)  The past histories of animal subjects are known to the investigator. 
D)  Invasive procedures that would be unethical on humans can be used. 
A)  They allow for precise control of living conditions not possible with humans. 
B)  Assessing emotional and psychological changes in response to experimental manipulations is relatively straightforward in nonhuman subjects. 
C)  The past histories of animal subjects are known to the investigator. 
D)  Invasive procedures that would be unethical on humans can be used.

Question 13

Good behavioral tests for drug effects should meet a variety of criteria. Which of the following is not one of these criteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They should be specific for the drug class being screened. 
B)  They should have face validity. 
C)  They should be reliable. 
D)  They should be sensitive, and show the same rank order of potency as seen in therapeutic action. 
A)  They should be specific for the drug class being screened. 
B)  They should have face validity. 
C)  They should be reliable. 
D)  They should be sensitive, and show the same rank order of potency as seen in therapeutic action.

Question 14

Which statement about the importance of behavioral measures in psychopharmacology is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral measures use observational measures, which are the most reliable and valid approaches. 
B)  Behavioral measures are used for developing animal models of psychiatric disorders. 
C)  Behavioral measures are used for screening newly-developed drug molecules in preclinical trials. 
D)  Behavioral measures aid in understanding the neurochemical basis of behavior. 
A)  Behavioral measures use observational measures, which are the most reliable and valid approaches. 
B)  Behavioral measures are used for developing animal models of psychiatric disorders. 
C)  Behavioral measures are used for screening newly-developed drug molecules in preclinical trials. 
D)  Behavioral measures aid in understanding the neurochemical basis of behavior.

Question 15

Which statement about methods of research in neurobehavioral pharmacology is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of scientific method and critical reading of literature are necessary skills. 
B)  Methods focus only on the molecular level, not the whole organism. 
C)  Researchers must be able to quantify changes in behavior, mood, and thinking. 
D)  Many studies require images of neurotransmitters and receptors in the living brain. 
A)  Use of scientific method and critical reading of literature are necessary skills. 
B)  Methods focus only on the molecular level, not the whole organism. 
C)  Researchers must be able to quantify changes in behavior, mood, and thinking. 
D)  Many studies require images of neurotransmitters and receptors in the living brain.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a guideline of the Health Extension Act of 1985?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers should be trained in basic veterinary care. 
B)  Alternative methods, such as computer simulation, should be considered. 
C)  Procedures must avoid or minimize distress or pain. 
D)  Research must benefit society or advance knowledge. 
A)  Researchers should be trained in basic veterinary care. 
B)  Alternative methods, such as computer simulation, should be considered. 
C)  Procedures must avoid or minimize distress or pain. 
D)  Research must benefit society or advance knowledge.

Question 17

Macroelectrodes are used for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  activating cells and generating action potentials. 
B)  recording activity from thousands of neurons. 
C)  controling tremors in Parkinson's disease. 
D)  quantifying receptor number and activation. 
A)  activating cells and generating action potentials. 
B)  recording activity from thousands of neurons. 
C)  controling tremors in Parkinson's disease. 
D)  quantifying receptor number and activation.

Question 18

Which statement about knockout mice is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are also called transgenic mice. 
B)  They are a product of genetic engineering. 
C)  They are bred from animals whose DNA has been altered to reflect the particular mutation. 
D)  The knockout gene is often a gene for a receptor or enzyme involved in neurotransmitter synthesis or metabolism. 
A)  They are also called transgenic mice. 
B)  They are a product of genetic engineering. 
C)  They are bred from animals whose DNA has been altered to reflect the particular mutation. 
D)  The knockout gene is often a gene for a receptor or enzyme involved in neurotransmitter synthesis or metabolism.

Question 19

Identify the three aspects of the Health Extension Act that exist to provide some protections for animals in research.

Accepted Answer

The research must be relevant

Question 20

Which pair of behavioral test and what it is designed to measure is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed-response test: fear 
B)  Conditioned place preference: reward 
C)  Elevated plus-maze: anxiety 
D)  Conditioned emotional response: fear 
A)  Delayed-response test: fear 
B)  Conditioned place preference: reward 
C)  Elevated plus-maze: anxiety 
D)  Conditioned emotional response: fear

Animals will not self-administer

What are the limitations to studying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in human subjects?

Which statement about PET scans is false?

Which of the following is not a reason that we should be cautious about interpreting the findings from studies using transgenic mice?

Which of the following is not a reason that functional MRI is preferred over PET imaging?

Which statement regarding receptor autoradiography is false?

Which of the following is not a test for learning and memory?

Which statement about translational research is false?

DNA microarrays are not used to

Which technique does not permit visualization of the living human brain?

_______ coordinate(s) is/are needed with stereotaxic surgery to specify a particular brain area.

Which of the following is not an advantage of animal studies in psychopharmacology?

Good behavioral tests for drug effects should meet a variety of criteria. Which of the following is not one of these criteria?

Which statement about the importance of behavioral measures in psychopharmacology is false?

Which statement about methods of research in neurobehavioral pharmacology is false?

Which of the following is not a guideline of the Health Extension Act of 1985?

Macroelectrodes are used for all of the following except

Which statement about knockout mice is false?

Identify the three aspects of the Health Extension Act that exist to provide some protections for animals in research.

Which pair of behavioral test and what it is designed to measure is incorrectly matched?

Principles of Pharmacology, Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and GABA

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants:

Nicotine and Caffeine

Marijuana and the Cannabinoids

Hallucinogens, PCP, and Ketamine

Inhalants, GHB, and Anabolicandrogenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Disorders

Filters

Exam 3: Methods of Research in Psychopharmacology

Animals will not self-administer

What are the limitations to studying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in human subjects?

Which statement about PET scans is false?

Which of the following is not a reason that we should be cautious about interpreting the findings from studies using transgenic mice?

Which of the following is not a reason that functional MRI is preferred over PET imaging?

Which statement regarding receptor autoradiography is false?

Which of the following is not a test for learning and memory?

Which statement about translational research is false?

DNA microarrays are not used to

Which technique does not permit visualization of the living human brain?

_______ coordinate(s) is/are needed with stereotaxic surgery to specify a particular brain area.

Which of the following is not an advantage of animal studies in psychopharmacology?

Good behavioral tests for drug effects should meet a variety of criteria. Which of the following is not one of these criteria?

Which statement about the importance of behavioral measures in psychopharmacology is false?

Which statement about methods of research in neurobehavioral pharmacology is false?

Which of the following is not a guideline of the Health Extension Act of 1985?

Macroelectrodes are used for all of the following except

Which statement about knockout mice is false?

Identify the three aspects of the Health Extension Act that exist to provide some protections for animals in research.

Which pair of behavioral test and what it is designed to measure is incorrectly matched?

Principles of Pharmacology, Structure and Function of the Nervous System

Chemical Signaling by Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Catecholamines

Serotonin

Acetylcholine

Glutamate and GABA

Drug Abuse and Addiction

Alcohol

The Opioids

Psychomotor Stimulants:

Nicotine and Caffeine

Marijuana and the Cannabinoids

Hallucinogens, PCP, and Ketamine

Inhalants, GHB, and Anabolicandrogenic Steroids

Disorders of Anxiety and Impulsivity and the Drugs Used to Treat These Disorders

Affective Disorders: Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers

Schizophrenia: Antipsychotic Drugs

Neurodegenerative Disorders

Filters